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elderly male with stomach cancer, has a feeding tube inserted into his…

- - - - HCl and pepsin are not getting added to the food
  - - - loss of appetite because stomach cancer
        
        feeding tube, inability to swallow or chew food
- - - - you need to take a specific amount of calories and nutrients to survive
      - filled with proteins, sugars, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals
      - the individual has inability to swallow
        
        risks of choking and aspirating
        
        can vomit
      - stomach is at risk because of the tumor.
        
        not able to eat large meals
        
        feeling full after small amounts of liquid
        
        loss of appetite
        
        decrease in calcium, weaker bones
        
        decrease in vitamin B-12
      - metabolism would decrease because the patient isn't eating as much
- - - - throat - helps airway
        
        esophagus - transfer food to stomach
        
        stomach - HCl helps break down food, gastric lipase helps digest fat, mechanical digestion
        
        small intestine - digestion and absorption of nutrients/minerals from food
        
        large intestine - absorption of wastes and salts, storage wastes, secrete mucus
        
        colon - removes water and nutrients from waste
        
        5 more items...
        
        cardiac sphincter
        
        body
        
        pyloric sphincter
        
        fundus
        
        rugae
    - - teeth - help chew food
        
        tongue - helps chewing, swallowing and speech
        
        salivary glands - secrete saliva and begins chemical digestion, enzymes like salivary lipase - breaks down lipids
        
        liver - breaks down fat, bile is the chemical secretion
        
        gallbladder - stores bile, chemical digestion
        
        pancreas - it converts the digestive food into fuel for the body's cells, produces insulin, chemical digestion, pancreatic lipase
  - - - fats
        
        proteins
        
        minerals
        
        vitamins
        
        water
- - - - liver/gallbladder - bile
        
        pancreas - bicarbonate, trypsin, pancreatic amylase and pancreatic lipase
  - - - secretion - process of producing and releasing substances that facilitate both digestion and the movement of contents within the GI tract.
        
        digestion - breakdown of ingested food into smaller components that may be absorbed from the GI tract
        
        absorption - involves membrane transport of digested molecules, electrolytes, vitamins, and water across the epithelial lining of the GI tract
        
        elimination - the expulsion of indigestible components through the anal canal
        
        mechanical digestion - breaking of ingested material into smaller pieces without changing its chemical structure
        
        chemical digestion - involves the activity of specific enzymes to break down complex molecules into smaller molecules so they can be absorbed