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70 y/o female suddenly developed a pneumonia after moving to Denver,CO.…

- - - - Trachea
        
        cleans, warms, moistens incoming air
        
        connects trachea to alveoli
        
        cleans, warms, moistens incoming air
        
        Bronchial Tree
        
        Alveoli
        
        main site of gas exchange
        
        Gas Exchange by Diffusion
        
        "Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures"
        
        2 more items...
        
        Depends on
        
        1 more item...
        
        special cells produce "surfactant"'
        
        Lungs
        
        houses respiratory passages smaller than main bronchi.
        
        Pleurae
        
        produce lubricating fluid, compartmentalize lungs
        
        Physiology
        
        atmosphere is almost entirely O2 and N2
        
        contain more CO2 and water vapor and much less O2
        
        1 more item...
        
        alveolar partial pressures of O2 and CO2 are easily changed by increasing breathing depth & rate.
        
        1 more item...
        
        (type I alveolar cells) forms majority of walls
        
        R/L main bronchi subdivide within lung to form lobar/segmental bronchi & bronchioles
      - prevent food from entering lower respiratory tract
        
        houses vocal folds
        
        Air Passageway
        
        Inflammation?!
        
        makes the airways hypersensitive.
  - - - Internal & nasal cavity
      - Paranasal sinuses
        
        mucosa-lined
        
        lighten skull, warm, moisten, filters incoming air
        
        Pharynx
        
        3 Sub divisions
        
        nasopharynx
        
        oropharynx
        
        laryngophayrnx
        
        houses tonsils
        
        facilitates exposure of immune systems to inhaled antigens
        
        passageway for air and food
      - mucus-secreting mucous cells and serous cells secrete watery fluid containing enzymes including lysozyme and defensins
      - Ciliated cells sweep contaminated mucus posteriorly towards throat
- - - - Inflamed pleurae become rough, resulting in friction & stabbing pain w/ each breath.
        
        As the disease progresses, the pleurae may produce excessive amounts of fluid.
        
        This increased fluid relieves the pain caused by pleural surfaces rubbing together, but may exert pressure on the lungs and hinder breathing movements.