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AP Biology Review- Chemistry of Life (Structure of Water (Water's…
AP Biology Review- Chemistry of Life
Structure of Water
Water is formed by hydrogen bonds
H₂O, Hydrogen is positive and Oxygen is negative
Water's polarity allows for the two bonds to be broken down and reformed which is necessary in dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis
hydrolysis
water molecule is formed after two monomers have been put together to create a polymer
dehydration synthesis
water molecule is consumed as a result of the breaking of the covalent bond taking a polymer and breaking it back down to monomers
Elements of Life
Six Elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur
Miller and Urey Experiment
A chemical experiment that simulated the conditions thought at the time to be present on the early Earth and tested the chemical origin of life under those conditions
Nucleic Acids
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
Structure
Composed of nucleotides
Consists of
a 5-carbon sugar
Deoxyribose or Ribose
a nitrogen base
Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine, Uracile
a phosphate
Encode all hereditary information
Biological Macromolecules
Properties
All contain oxygen and hydrogen and some compounds also contain nitrogen
Structure and Function
many monomers make up polymers
carbs
provide energy to the body
lipids
store energy and insulate
proteins
structure, protection, transport, storage, etc.
nucleic acids
carry the genetic information
Intro
large and organic molecule
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
Hydrogen Bonding
holds molecules together
[Water and Hydrogen Bonding Video]
https://youtu.be/CgSHXO4dZPc
