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A 34- year old male patient has come in and I have been assigned to care…
A 34- year old male patient has come in and I have been assigned to care for him. He explains that he has recently been diagnosed with AIDS. He says that he tested positive for HIV over a year ago and is wondering why he would not be diagnosed with AIDS at the same time. He goes on further to say that until recently he head no symptoms and felt fine. He says tells me that he thought he was better or did not have HIV in the first place. He wants to know what has changed? Our patient also wants to know if HIV is an infection, why can't he just take some antibiotics? I need to find out how I'm going to explain this to him and his loved ones.
Upstream Causes:
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HIV can into the blood via transfusions, contaminated needles, sexual intercourse and oral sex, mother to fetus.
His HIV has turned to aids because his CD4 cells, which become the backbone of the immune system, have fallen beyond sustainable numbers. Basically the immune system is about to crash.
Downstream Effects:
Since HIV destroys helper T cells,
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A retro virus, so it makes DNA from RNA, which makes the virus constantly mutate. Making it hard to cure.
As humans, we cannot have an adaptive immune system without helper T cells.
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If untreated our patient will surely die. AIDS is an auto immune disease so the body basically destroys itself. The immune system cannot tell the difference between healthy cells and pathogens.
Symptoms would include: fever, chills, night sweats, headache, joint pain and muscle aches.
Background Info:
Functions of the specific leukocytes, specifically lymphocytes
Eosinophils mainly protect the body from mainly bacteria and parasites. They are also the reason we have allergic reactions.
Monocytes are the biggest white blood cells in our body. Formed in the blood marrow, when certain germs enter the bloodstream, monocytes take care of them.
Neutrophils are the first white blood cells in our body to react to an infection in the bloodstream, move to the site and begin killing microbes.
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Basophils are a type of white cells that are produced in the bone marrow but are found all over the body. When basophils are low that could be in response to a severe allergic reaction.
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