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34-year-old man with HIV recently has been diagnosed with AIDS (Downstream…
34-year-old man with HIV recently has been diagnosed with AIDS
Upstream
INDIRECT
They have come in contact with someone who has HIV ot AIDS
DIRECT
The HIV virus enters the bloodstream through various openings
Starts infecting the Helper T Cells
HIV -> AIDS
Once the immune system collapses the disease becomes AIDS
Downstream
AFFECTS OF HIV DESTROYING T CELLS
stops T cells from activating B cells
Adaptive immune response not working
cannot form antibodies
cannot recruit other immune cells to fight
IMMEDIATE AFFECTS
Fever
Chills
Nightsweats
Sore throat
INDIRECT AFFECTS
Immune system collapses and you become extremely susceptable to diseases
Death
UNTREATED
Small infections and diseases kill you
IMMUNE SYSTEM?
It is compromised
T (h) cells not work
Can't activate B cells
can't make antibodies
Can't recruit other immune cells
HOW IT GETS ITS NAME
AIDs
Acquired Immunodeficiency
You have acquired a messed up immune system
Because the HIV virus destroyed it
Background
Anatomy
ORGANS
Thymus
T Cells Mature and proliferate
RED Bone marrow
B cells mature and proliferate
Spleen
Tonsils
Lymph Nodes
Skin
CELLS
Phagocytes
Neutrophils
Most abundant
Eats when exposed to bad things (infection)
Macrophages
Chief phagocytic cells
Free
Wander through tissue
Fixed
Permanent resident in some organs
NK cells
kills virus and cancer cell
induces apoptosis
B cells
Creates Antibodies
T cells
Attacks viruses, cells with intracellular parasites or bacteria
Cancer cells
Foreign things
LEUKOCYTES
Neutrophils
Eat infections
Monocytes
makes the macrophages
eats thing that are not wanted in the human body
Physiology
IMMUNE SYSTEM
ADAPTIVE
3rd line of defense
attacks foreign substances (pathogens/antigens)
Takes awhile to react
B Cells
T Cells
INNATE
1st and second line of defense
1st line
Skin/ Mucous
2nd line
Antimicrobial proteins, phagocytes, natural killer cells, and inflammation
INFECTION
BACTERIA
Divides spread and causes infection
Can be treated with antibiotics
Can survive outside a host
VIRUS
Needs a host to survive
takes over the cells and tells them to make more viruses
Can only be truley fought by the bodies immune system
Can be helped with an immunization shot
VIRUS STAGES
LYSOGENIC
Phage infects the DNA
DNA becomes incorporated in to the cell
Cell divides with bacteria DNA attached
DNA then leaves the genome chain and goes into lytic cycle
LYTIC
Bateriophage injects DNA into host cell
Destroys host DNA
Phage DNA replicates and phage proteins are made
Particles assemble and then the cell lysis
VIRAL DISEASE
AIDS
Develops when the immune system collapses
opportunistic infections come along and damage the host
HIV
Destroys helper T cells
Multiplies in lymph nodes
Immune system collapse and symptoms appear
Viral DNA tells host DNA cell to make more viruses