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INTONATION (F
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INTONATION
speech melody
range
wide, widened, mid, narrowed, narrow
interval
positive (wide, widened, mid, narrowed, narrow)
negative (wide, widened, mid, narrowed, narrow; zero)
rate of tone change
maximum, large, moderate, small, minimum
utterance stress
nuclear, non-nuclear, partial, weak
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loudness
high, increased, moderate decreased, low/soft
tempo
fast, accelerated, moderate, decelerated, slow
pausation
silent (a stop of phonation): short, long, extra-long
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timbre
universal, national, individual, acquired, linguistic
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Borisova L.V., Metlyuk A.A.
- consitutive
- distinctive (communicative, modal, culminative, syntactical, stylistic)
- identificatory
T.M.Nikolaeva
- of delimitation
- integration
- semantic
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D.Crystal
- emotional
- grammatical
- informational
- textual
- psychological
- indexical
P.Roach
- attitudinal
- accentual
- grammatical
- discourse
Wells J.C.
- attitudinal
- grammatical
- focusing (accentual, informational)
- discourse (cohesive)
- psychological
- indexical