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Role Of Resting Membrane Potential to Maintain Cell Volume (How Cell…

- - - - Gibbs-Donnan effect due to impermeant extracellular Na+ balances the Gibbs-Donnan effect due to impermeant intracellular colloids
        
        double Donnan effect stabilizes cell volume
  - - - cells accumulate ions through:
        
        activation of Na+, K+, 2Cl- cotransport
        
        Na+/H+ exchange parallel to Cl-/HCO3- exchange
        
        Sodium ion channels
    - - Cells release ions through:
        
        activation of K+ channels and/or anion channels
        
        KCl - cotransport
        
        Parallel activation of K+/H+ exchange and Cl-/HCO3- exchangr
    - - Any such gradient results in mediate flow of water into or out of the cell until osmotic equilibrium is restored
- - - - Greater driving force
        
        K+ ion efflux greater
        
        less cell swelling
        Because osmotic pressure stabilize with minimal charge in volume
  - - - K+ efflux decreases /none
        
        osmotic pressure stabilized slower, more water molecule move inside, greater cell swelling