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The Origins and Purposes of Several Traditions in Systems Theory and…

- - - - Boulding - The image
      - Von Bertalanffy - General System Theory
      - Klir - Approach to GST
    - - Churchman - The System Approach
      - Churchman - Design of Inquiring Systems
      - Ackoff - On purposeful systems
      - Checklang - Systems Thinking
      - Ackoff - Creating the Corporate Future
    - - Forrester - World Dynamics
      - Etc. Voir tableau
- - - - Computing Machinery and Intelligence (1950)
    - - A Logical Calculus of the Ideas Imminent in
        Nervous Activity (1943)
        
        Understand the brain
        
        Birth of constructivist epistemology
    - - Behavior, Purpose and Teleology (1943
- - - - Living Systems (Miller, )
        
        Treatment of informations
        
        9 levels of systems
        
        Nation
        
        Supranational organization
        
        Corporation
        
        Group
        
        Organism
        
        Organ
        
        Cell
        
        System = 19 sub-systems
      - Yearbook SGSR
- - - - Schools
      - Disciplines
      - Problems
      - Formulations
  - - - T. Parsons (1951)
      - Katz & Khan (1966)
      - Ashby (1956), McCulloch (1965), von Foerster (1981)
      - Cleland & King 1968, 1972)
- - - - B. Joiner
      - B. Godfrey
      - W. Scherkenback
- - - - Define goals to achieve
      - winning / - losing
      - Stop negative feeling / Be rational
    - - Valid information
      - Free and informed choices
      - Internal comitment
      - Monitoring & Implementation
- - - - Churchman, Ackoff & Arnoff (1957
        
        Introduction to Operations Research
      - Producer-product relationship
        
        Producer = not sufficient
        
        Environment = central
    - - Interactive planning
      - Circular organization concept
        
        Circularity of power
        
        Democratic decision
        
        Implement decisions
    - - The Sytems Approach (1968)
      - The Design of Inquiring Systems (1971)
- - - - DYNAMO simulation
        language
        
        Production fluctuations
        
        Origin of Business Cycles
      - World Dynamics (World2)
        
        Population
        
        Natural resources
        
        Pollution
    - - Authers
        
        Dennis
        
        Donella Meadows
        
        Jorgen Randers
        
        Others
      - Books
        
        The Limits To Growth
        
        Dynamics of Growth in a Finite World
        
        Beyond The Limits
      - More comprehensive than World 2