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Body Image (Practical Implications: health professionals, coaches and…

- - - - delivered by trained therapists
- - - - say to urself this is a moment of suffering
        
        suffering is a part of life
        
        put ur hand over ur heart and may you be kind to urself
- - - - choices and actions based on perceptions, feelings and thoughts about body size, weight and function
      - behaviours
        
        dieting or weight control (including increasing calories)
        
        steroid and other drug use
        
        Clothing management (wearing loose clothes, push-up bras, tummy support, high heels, shoe lifts)
        
        laxatives
        
        avoiding situations or events (or showing off)
        
        engaging in sexual behaviour to feel better/attractive
        
        body checking (pinching stomach, appearance checking in windows and mirrors
    - - Cognitive
        
        Thoughts, beliefs, and evaluations of body appearance and function
        
        Questionnaires assess satisfaction or dissatisfaction with body size, shape and function as well as beliefs and thoughts about body size, shape and function
      - Perceptual
        
        The mental representation and/or reflections that an individual has of their body appearance and function
        
        Level of accuracy between a person's perceived characteristics, either in relation to specific body parts or to the body as a whole
        
        ex assessment: manipulation of perceived size of body on computer screen
    - - Body related feelings and emotions that stem from thinking about one's body size, shape, and function
        
        Social physique anxiety
        
        anxiety from perceived or actual judgement by others
        
        feel anxiety from thinking people are judging your body size
        
        Body-related shame
        
        negative emotion focused on the self
        
        I am fat and therefore I am an ugly person
        
        Body-related guilt
        
        negative emotion by facing to complete an action or behaviour
        
        I feel guilty because I did not exercise today
        
        Body-related envy
        
        Negative emotion that occurs when a person feels they lack another person's superior quality and either desires to have it or wishes the others lacked it
        
        I wish I looked like that Instagram Influencer
        
        Body pride
        
        Positive emotion resulting from satisfaction with behaviour and appearance
        
        Authentic pride
        
        A type of body-related pride focused on achievement and outcomes requiring effort
        
        I feel proud that I worked really hard to achieve my goal of completing a 10km
        
        associated with engagement and persistence in PA
        
        Hubristic pride
        
        A type of body-related pride focused on grandiose attributes of the self
        
        I am better looking than everyone in this gym
        
        reduce likelihood of participating in PA because of "no need"
        
        Body related pride linked to self determined forms of motivation and higher levels of physical activity
  - - - modelling behaviour
      - Encouraging weight control
      - setting appearance norms
      - Behaviours like teasing and being negative
      - Rejection
    - - Teasing
      - Body-related feedback about weight and shape
      - Social disapproval/rejection
      - Negative commentary
    - - Facebook and Instagram support positive and negative body image
      - Desire to post favourably and self-promote may lead viewers to envy and shame
      - Repeated media exposure to idealized and attractive images may promote self-criticism
- - - - majority of children, adolescents, and adults in Western cultures report dissatisfaction with body shape, size, weight or appearance
- - - - linked to hubristic pride
      - What happens if/when circumstances change
  - - - Engaging in actions to reduce discrepancy between self and other
      - Can lead to negative body image
- - - - linked to cardiovascular disease, weight problems, and depression