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IT Systems in Organisations (System Changovers (Phased: Gradually shifting…
IT Systems in Organisations
System Changovers
Phased: Gradually shifting from the old system to the new system
Direct: when you immediately replace the old system with a new system
Parallel: when you use the new system and the old system simultaneously
Legacy Systems
A computer system that is no longer available to purchase as it is no longer supported by the manufacturer. These type of systems are relatively a few decades old.
Waterfall Method
A method on how to develop a software. It consists of 6 stages: Analysis, Design, Implementation, Testing, Installation and Maintenance. The focus is to go through each phase at a time, step by step. The disadvantage of the waterfall method is that all employees work on the same tasks together which could lead to errors being made which as a result the employees would have to start again with phase 1 as they have made mistakes in other stages.
Agile Method
A method on how develop a software. it consists of breaking the development down into simpler tasks - they work on each stage bit by bit. Agile method involves sets of principles which are collaboration so that programmers know what they are doing and programmers must be ensured that they are working in comfortable ans suitable environment. Agile is primarily focused on reacting to changes within the software. The disadvantage of this method is that employees would not have full overview of the project which could lead to a failure of the project which as a result costs businesses money as the project has not met the deadline
SDLC
Refers to stages involved in creating an IT system. The SDLC is critical in ensuring an appropriate system is developed, and that it meets the clients requirements.in terms of usability, cost, features and time.
Phases of SDLC:
Analysis: an investigation of the current system, requires the needs of the client
Design: planning of a solution to meet the clients criteria
Development: the creation of a system which follows the design
Testing: ensuring the system functions correctly and smoothly
Installation: where hardware and software is installed. Requires old system to be removed and installation of the new system. Training is required here.
Maintenance: updates and changes made to the system to fix bugs and errors. This is to improve the performance of the system or add new features
Off the shelf Software
A software which is available to everyone as it is sold by retail shops. Example Microsoft
Custom Software
A software which is customised specifically following criteria set by the client
Emulators/Virtual machines
A entire creation of old software's which does not rely on the CPU. It allows computer system to act like other systems through the hardware and software. A virtual machine is a software program.
PMBOK
stands for Project Management Body of Knowledge and it is the entire collection of processes, best practices, terminologies, and guidelines that are accepted as standards within the project management industry.
Prince 2
is a structured project management method and practitioner certification programme. PRINCE2 emphasises dividing projects into manageable and controllable stages. PRINCE2 was developed as a UK government standard for information systems projects.