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Level 4 (Human Physiology (Fluid balance (Intracellular, Extracellular,…

- - - - Stages
      - Systole and diastole
      - Intrinsic and extrinsic regulation
  - - - Carbohydrates
        
        Monosacharides
      - Fat
        
        Fatty acids and glycerol
      - Protein
        
        Amino acids
- - - - Nutrients DRV's
      - Food DRV's
    - - Evaluating dietary intake for balance
      - Energy balance
        
        Positive energy balance
        
        Gain of body fat
        
        Negative energy balance
        
        Loss of body fat
      - Fluid balance #
      - Nitrogen balance
      - Daily energy expenditure
        
        Thermic effect of food (10%)
        
        Thermic effect of physical activity (15-30%)
        
        Resting metabolic rate (60-75%)
  - - - Triglycerides
        
        3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol
      - Saturated fat
      - Unsaturated fat
    - - Amino acids
        
        Essential amino acids
        
        Get them from your diet
        
        Lysine
        
        Methionine
        
        Valine
        
        Phenylalanine #
        
        Threonine
        
        Tryptophan
        
        Isoleucine
        
        Leucine
        
        Histidine
        
        Non essential amino acids
        
        Synthesised by the body
        
        Tyrosine
        
        Alanine
        
        Arginine
        
        Asparagine
        
        Aspartic acid
        
        Cysteine
        
        Cystine
        
        Glutamic acid
        
        Serine
        
        Proline
        
        Glycine
        
        Glutamin
        
        Hrdroxyproline
    - - Simple carbohydrates
        
        Disaccharide
        
        Sucrose
        
        Maltose
        
        Lactose
        
        Monosaccharide
        
        Galactose
        
        Fructose
        
        Glucose
      - Complex carbohydrates polysaccharide
        
        Glycogen
        
        Starch
        
        Amylose
        
        Amylopectin
        
        Fibres
        
        Soluble fibre
        
        Insoluble fibre
  - - - Yields energy
    - - Requires energy
- - - - Link between DNA, mRNA and proteins
      - Difference between protein sequence, structure and function
  - - - Ionic
      - Covalent
  - - - Purines
      - Pyrimidines
      - Nucleosides and nucleotides
    - - DNA
      - RNA
- - - - Exercise and energy expenditure
      - Factors effecting energy expenditure
        
        Resting metabolism rate (60-75%)
        
        Thermic effect of food (15-30%)
        
        Thermic effect of physical activity (10%)
    - - How much energy is in our food
        
        Bomb calorimete
      - Where does our energy come from
        
        Metabolic breakdown
        
        Substrate specific
        
        Beta-oxidation
        
        De-amination
        
        Glycolysis
        
        Aerobic
        
        Anaerobic
        
        Non-substrate specific
        
        Krebs cycle
        
        Electron transport chain
      - What is energy
        
        ATP
    - - Catabolism
      - Anabolism
  - - - Short term
    - - Long term
- - - - Mode
      - Mean
      - Median
      - Dispersion measures
        
        Range
        
        Quartiles
        
        Standard deviation
  - - - Null hypothesis
- - - - Transcription
      - Translation
  - - - Mitosis
      - Meiosis