Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
The success of the Roman Army - Christy and Phoebe (Weapons (attack)…
The success of the Roman Army - Christy and Phoebe
Weapons (attack)
gladius
Gladius was one Latin word for sword, and is used to represent the primary sword of Ancient Roman foot soldiers.
pugio
The pugio was a dagger used by Roman soldiers as a sidearm.
pilum
The pilum was a javelin commonly used by the Roman army in ancient times. It was generally about 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) long overall, consisting of an iron shank about 7 millimetres (0.28 in) in diameter and 60 centimetres (24 in) long with a pyramidal head.
hasta
A hasta was latin for spear. Hastae were carried by early Roman legionaries, in particular they were carried by and gave their name to those Roman soldiers known as hastati. However, during republican times, the hastati were re-armed with pila and gladii and the hasta was only retained by the triarii.
bow and arrow
Roman archers fought using composite bows made from layers of wood, bone, horn, and sinew.
.
Auxiliaries
Only men could be in the Roman Army, no women were allowed.
An auxiliary was a soldier who was not a Roman citizen.
An auxiliary soldier was only paid a third of a legionary’s wage.
Auxiliaries guarded forts and frontiers but also fought in battles, often in the front lines where it was the most dangerous.
This shows how the Romans just protected the Romans the most.
Auxiliary soldiers were recruited from non-Roman tribes.
While legions were roman people
Their name means 'helpers'.
They assisted the Roman legionary troops by providing extra manpower and specialised fighting techniques.
The term auxiliaries comes from the latin word 'auxilia' (help).
The auxiliaries is a type of the main Roman soldiers.
There were two main types of Roman soldiers in the Roman army
Training
Physical training
The Roman army had to walk 36km (24 miles) a day, wearing full armor and carrying their weapons and equipment, which was very heavy. To add on, they had to finish walking in 5 hours.
Soldiers trained to swim
Soldiers trained to cope with injuries together as a unit
They also trained in formations and lines to use in the battle
protection
Combat training
Soldiers trained to fight
Soldiers trained to build bridges
Soldiers trained to set up camp
The Roman army practiced hand-to-hand combat with wooden swords, spears and shields.
These were extra heavy than the actual weapons and equipment used in real battle to train them to fight through tiredness.
Discipline training
discipline in battle
great ability to take orders
the roman army were organised so they were sucessful
expert archers
use onagers
giant catapults
large crossbows (ballistas)
cavalry units (Equites)
rich enough to have horses and more expensive weapons to train with.
Legions
The army was divided up into Legions of around 5400 soldiers. Legions were led by a Legate who was usually a Senator or a Governor. Legions were made up of ten groups of soldiers called cohorts. Cohorts were then further divided into groups of 80 men called centuries. The officers, or leaders, of each century were called centurions.
Each legion had between 4,000 and 6,000 soldiers.
The legion evolved from 3,000 men in the Roman Republic to over 5,200 men in the Roman Empire, consisting of centuries as the basic units
To keep such a large number of men in order, it was divided up into groups called ‘legions’.
A legion was further divided into groups of 80 men called ‘centuries’. The in charge was called centurion.
Once a man turned 20, they could become a Roman soldier as well as join one of the Roman Army legions.
No women were allowed
The legionaries is a type of the main Roman soldiers.
they were the best soldiers
they were elite
A legionary had to be over 17 years old and a Roman citizen.
they also had to be a fit for fighting
anyone who was weak or too short was rejected.
1 more item...
Tactics
The Roman army's tactics were influenced by the methods used by the Greek Army (which was successful).
Here are some examples of the main tactics of the Roman army:
The testudo
Like a 360 degree protection
Has a large scuta
The front rank of the formation would kneel behind their interlocked shields, over a metre in height. The second rank would hold their shields above the heads of the men in front, and so on.
This forms an excellent missile barrier.
The triple line
The hastati made up the front rank.
Behind them were the principles
Behind them were the triarii, veterans of combat
At the very front were the velites who were the poorest recruits
They had to launch javelins at approaching enemies
1 more item...
The wedge
After the Roman Army yelled “cuneum formate”, the legionaries would form a wedge and charge at the opposition.
The sharp point of the wedge would drive deep into the body of the enemy, while a thickening mass behind expands to further divide their forces, smashing the enemy.
The point of the wedge was made up of the best troops.
