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Endocrine Organs (Anterior Pituitary (Prolactin (Prolactin acts on mammary…
Endocrine Organs
Anterior Pituitary
Prolactin
Prolactin acts on mammary glands and promotes production of milk in femals when breastfeeding is to take place.
Growth Hormone
GH acts on numerous parts of the body like bones, joints and organs. GH stimulates cell growth and cell reproduction.
ACTH
ACTH acts on the adrenal cortex and plays an important part in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. It promotes the adrenal cortex to release cortisol.
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LH (luteinizing hormone)
LH acts on the ovaries in females and the testes in males. It plays an important role in the ovulation cycle in females, telling the body to release the egg unless it is fertilized. LH in men promotes the release of testosterone.
Posterior Pituitary
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Oxytocin
Oxytocin is also produced by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. It's primary role is to act on the uterus to promote labor by increasing the intensity of contractions. It also acts on mammary glands to move milk while offspring are feeding.
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Adrenal Cortex
Cortisol
Aldosterone
Aldosterone acts on the kidneys to regulate sodium and water levels in the body, second handedly having an impact on blood pressure.
Cortisol acts on numerous parts of the body and is known as the stress response hormone because it mimics the effects of a stress response. It is highest in the beginning of the day, when the body is stressed due to not eating throughout the night. It is important in creating the circadium rhythm as well.
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Pineal gland
melatonin
Melatonin secretion is stimulated by darkness and inhibited by light. This makes sense because it plays a role the sleep cycle by acting on the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the brain and promoting sleep.