Ribosomes are complexes of ribosomal RNA(rRNA) and protein

They have two subunits. One of them is Large subunit and the other one is Small subunit.

Ribosomes are non-membranous(they are not considered organelles).

They can be found in both eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells.

Some of the Ribosomes are found as groups called polysome.

Cells that must synthesize large amounts of protein have a large number of eibosomes. For instance, the cells of liver have many ribosomes.

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis Ribosomes carry out protein synthesis in two locations:
1)In the cytoplasm (free ribosomes)
2)On the outside of the endoplasmic reticulum or the nuclear envelop (bound ribosomes)

The endoplasmic reticulum forms membrane-enclosed channels within the cytoplasm.

The endoplasmic reticulum is a series of interconnected memnranes that form a labyrinth of flattened sacs and channels within the cytoplasm.

The ER membrane is continuous with the nuclear envolope.

All the proteins and phospholipids of cell membranes are synthesized in the ER.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes and produces proteins destined for other membranes or for secretion.

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum has no ribosomes, detoxifies drugs, and synthesizes carbohydrates (glycogen) and lipids such as steroid hormones made from cholestrol. It also stores calcium that provides contraction in muscle cells. In liver cells refulate the lipid metabolism.

In 1897, an Italian physician named Camillo Golgi, who was investigated.

The golgi apparatus, also called Golgi bodu or Golgi complex and found universally in both plant and animal cells.

It is typically comprised of a series of five to eight cup-shaped, membrane-covered sacs.

It is not found in mature red blood cells and sperm cells do not have golgi apparatus.

The number of golgi apparatus in the secretion cells is more than the normal cells. For instance, if your golgi apparatus in the salvia cells do not work, you probably fell your mouth dry.

The golgi apparatus modifies some molecules, such as adding a carbohydrate group to proteins, and making glycoproteins.
It modifies proteins, carbohydrates, phospholipids, lipids (fats) and other molecules that have been built in the endoplasmic reticulum are transported to the golgi apparatus to biochemically modified and prepares them for export outside of the cell or for transport to other locations in the cell.

It works in partnership with the ER and recieves, refines, stores, and distributes chemical products of the cell. Proteins and lipids built in the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum bud off in tiny bubble-like vesicles that move through the cytoplasm until they reach the golgi complex. The vesicles fuse with the golgi membranes and release their internally stored molecules into the organelle. Once inside, the compounds are further processed by the golgi apparatus, which adda molecules (glycoprotein, glycolipids, lipoprotein) or chops tiny pieces off the ends. When completed, the product is extruded from the golgi apparatus in a vesicle and directed to its final destination inside or outside the cell.

It produces complex molecules such as glycolipid, phospholipid, lipoprotein so plays a role in the cell membrane regeneration

The exported products are secretions of proteins or glycoproteins that are part of the cell’s function in the organism. Other products are returned to the endoplasmic reticulum or may undergo maturation to become lysosomes. (production of lysosomes) Your digestive enzymes for exocytosis are packed in the golgi apparatus therefore it is quite important to maintain your functions.

The golgi complex in plant cells produces cell plate during the cell division, pectins and other polysaccharides specifically needed by for plant structure and metabolism The products exported bythe golgi apparatus through the trans face eventually fuse with the plasma membrane of the cell.

Among the most important duties of the golgi apparatus is to sort the wide variety of macromolecules produced by the cell and target them for distribution to their proper location.