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Centers of Learning and Transmission of Culture (Students and Scholars in…
Centers of Learning and Transmission of Culture
Church and Universities
Monastic learning and culture
Gov support
Cathedral schools
Romans and Rhetoric. clergy deemphasized logic
Cathedral schools had a master which monopolized things.
Conflict between cathedral schools and monastaries. Monastaries wanted things more spiritual.
Universities
Schools in high demand
Different schools known for different things
Conquered Toledo and got learning from Muslims
Conflict and reconciliation between reason and faith.
Pope Innocent III recognized university in France.
Vernacular Language and Literature
There was a need for education
Rise of Vernacular language - common speech
William made census in 1087
Students and Scholars in Islamic Societies
Muslims weren't as focused on a higher religious order, rather Ulama's guided the people. Like elders.
Madrasas
Hadith and Sharia.
Conflict between reason and religion
Madrasas were theologic colleges.
More open to the people, no set corriculum
Revolved around master disciple organization.
Often politicized.
Sufi mysticism and sunni orthodoxy
Meditation, asceticism, unite with god. Kind of like buddhism?
Appeal to the masses
Rabi'a al-Adawiyya - a woman in sufism. Appealed to women
Cross nation borders, created sense of unity.
Al-Ghazali - prominant Sufist.
Oran and Written Cultures in Islam
Oral over books
Arabic language dominated
Firdausi literature
Persians were less egalitarian than the Arabs
Cosmopolitan and Vernacular Realms in India and Southeast Asia
Cosmopolitan Real of Sanskrit
After gupta empire fell -- Sanskrit took over everything
Kushan nomads patronized buddhism and spread sanskrit?
Brahmanic colleges
Was popular in Cambodia even
Rival States and Regional Identity
Angkor and Chola kingdoms. Smaller kingdomes called Maharajas. - Gods and temples.
Sanskrit replaced by vernacular.
Sufism and Society in the Delhi Sultanate
Muslims ruled india for a while
Tried building schools, but didn't really effect the Hindus.
Sufism was a bridge between islam and hindusim
Learning, Schools, and Print Culture in East Asia
Civil Service Examinations and Schooling in Song China
Tests to get government officials - Neo-Confucianism, reject Buddhism.
A lot of people thought the tests were too narrow. this led to private academies. Zhu Xi liked this.
Long time to become student
The Culture of Print in Song China.
Started with religious texts
Religious institutions eventually monopolized printing
Muslims didn't like printing - they wanted to recite Quran.
Classical and Vernacular Traditions in East Asia
Chinese Language was latin of east asia
Korean education was very centralized.
Korea invented its own vernacular script
Writing and Political Power in Mesoamerica
Mesoamerican Languages: Time, History, and Rulership
Earliest writing was Zapotc script of the Monte Alban state.
