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International Transportation of Goods: ROAD TRANSPORT (9. Road transport…
International Transportation of Goods: ROAD TRANSPORT
1. Introduction
By land transport in understand rail an road
2. Land transportation sector. National legal frame
Legal frame of land transport of goods and passengers is compoun by:
Ley de Ordenacion del Trasnsporte Terrestre (LOTT)
Reglamento de aplicación de la LOTT
These laws regulate the specific requirements that transportation companies, freight forwarders, carriers thah give this service.
National entities: Ministerio de Transporte, Movilidad y Agenda Urbana y Conferencia Nacional de Transporte
3. Characteristic of the road transport
ADVANTAGES
Door to door service
Flexible service
Tracking
Less capital
Less cost
Service in rural areas
Suiitable for short distance
Less risk of damage in transit
Saving in packing cost
Fast speed
Private owned vehicles
Feeder to other modes of transport
DISADVANTAGES
Seasonalnature
Accidents and breakdowns
Unsuitable for long distance and bulky traffic. No competitive
Slow speed-exceed of outsourcing
High cost
4. International road legal frame. International transport contract
CMR Convention is a United Nations Conventin that relates to various legal issues concerning transportation of cargo by road. This Convention shall apply to every contract for the carriage of goods by road in vehicles for reward.
And it is a contract and a consignment note
Consignment note
Is a document regarding the carriage of goods by road which declares the contract of carriage and includes the instructions given to the carrier and proves the contract of carriage.
The consignment note shall be made out in three copies signed by the sender and the carrier:
One to the consignor
One to the consignee/customer
One with the goods in the vehicle
It have to be draw up by IRU with the CMR in mind
It includes like: the date an the place when it made out, the name of the sender and the carrier and both adreeses, or the description of the goods.
Characteristics:
Impartial carriage
Proud and safekeeping of the documents
Right of disposal of goods
Evidentary function
Obligations of the carrier
Restrictions on driving commercial vehicles in Europe
6. Community licenses and road haulage permits
Authorisation for the transport company: National authorisation and International authorisation
CAP: driving license, CAP certificado de profesionalidad, driver´s card, ATP/ADR, diagram discs or tickets and certificate of activities.
Documents related to the carriage: national, intenational, delivery note, invoice, packing list, certificate of origin and insurance
5. Road haulage for international transport pf goods
The hauler is a person or company that carries goods by road an railway
the haulers are regulated in LOTT:
Inlands
Freight forwarders
Werehouse operator/hubs
7. TIR
8. Juntas Arbitrales de Transporte
It solve free of charge, commercial claims related with the liabilities of roas transport contract as well as any other auxiliar and cumplimentary activities of transportation: metropolitans, inter-city. loads (FTL, LTL), passenger
9. Road transport services
Full loaded
Pallets
Small parcels
Curier7documentation
10. Driving time and rest periods
The rules establish that:
Total weekly can not exceed 56 hours and total fortnightly can not exceed 90 hours
Daily periods of driving shall not exceed 9 hours but it can be 10 hours twice a week
Daily rest period shall be 11 hours and it can be 9 hours three times a week.
Weekly rest is 45 minutes, it should be taken after 4 and half hours at least
11. International transportation insurance
It would be apply when:
The transit would be between two countries and one of them should be at CMR.
The carriage of cargo is by road and the cargo by road wheels
The carriage of goods would for reward or for hire
It isn´t applied at furniture removals, funeral consignments, personal goods and sending post.