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PHONOLOGY (Vowels (Central vowel: burn, firm, Back vowel: dog, rotten,…
PHONOLOGY
Vowels
Central vowel: burn, firm
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Phonology, phonemes, phonetics
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Articulations
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By manner
Stop consonants or plosive consonants are:
bilabial voiced and voiceless
alveolar voiced and voiceless
velar voiced and voiceless
Affricates are a kind of stop consonant, where the expelled air causes friction rather than plosion
Fricatives come from restricting, but not completely stopping, the airflow. They come in voiced and
unvoiced pairs:
labio dental voiced and unvoiced
dental voiced and unvoiced
alveolar voiced and unvoiced
paltal voiced and unvoiced
Nasal consonants involve closing the articulators but lowering the uvula, which normally closes off
the route to the nose, through which the air escapes:
bilabial
alveolar
velar
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Approximants do not impede the flow of air. They are all voiced but are counted as consonants
chiefly because of how they function in syllables. They are:
bilabial
alveolar
palatal
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Voicing: All vowels must be voiced since they are caused by vibration in the vocal cords. Consonants may be voiced or not based on where the articulation principally occurs.
Dipthongs: this are sounds that begin as one vowel and end as another while gliding between them. Depending on the source, you'll fint that there are either eight or nine different dipthongs.
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