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Mezzogiorno (phyiscally it is 80% mountains and 20% lowland coastal (soils…
Mezzogiorno
phyiscally it is 80% mountains and 20% lowland coastal
soils - thin, infertile
85 per cent of the land is classified as hill or mountain
nearly half the land is very steeply sloping
erosion from heavy rain and mass movement
Deforestation on the slopes has made soil worse
rock is limestone
rapid run-off
Volcanic ash from Vesuvius
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created a very fertile soil
made land very swampy
exception is the Plain of Campania
permeable
does not retain moisture
Impossible to use modern machinery
as a result of overgrazing, slopes experince erosion
land ownership
up until 1950s
sheep were grazed on the dry uplands
development of agriculture hindered by the land ownership system
large estates
peasant farmers and landless labourers worked the estates
traditional landholding structures mitigated against productive farming
majority of the population subsisted on small
acreages
poor education, service provision
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unavailability of jobs
minifundia
latifundia
low-value crops such as vines and wheat produced
arable land - 31%
permanent crops - 10%
permanent pastures -15%
forests and woodland - 23%
other - 21%
Climate affects this erea
Summer drought
rainfall is very rare in the summer
high pressure belt
prevailing winds are the northeasterly
trade winds that are warm and dry
hot, dry winds from the Sahara, dehydrates crops
winter temperatures rarely fall below 12 degrees
viticulture is important
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