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Gender and Gender Inequality (Understanding Sex and Gender (Gender as a…
Gender and Gender Inequality
Social Issues in the News
Understanding Sex and Gender
Sex: The anatomical and other biological differences between females and males that are determined at the moment of conception and develop in the womb and throughout childhood and adolescence.
Primary sex characteristics: Anatomical and other biological differences between females and males that begin developing in the womb.
Secondary sex characteristics: Biological differences between females and males that emerge during puberty.
Gender as a Social Construction
Gender: the social and cultural differences a society assigns to people based on their biological sex
Gender roles:Society's expectations of people's behavior and attitudes based on whether they are females or males.
Gender identity: Whether someone thinks of oneself as female, male, both female and male, or neither male or female.
Femininity: Cultural expectations of girls and women, including gentleness and attractiveness.
Masculinity: Cultural expectations of boys and men, including toughness and bravery.
Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
Sexual Orientation: Preference for sexual relationships with individuals of the opposite sex, same sex, or both sexes.
Feminism and Sexism
Feminism: The belief that women and men should be equal
Sexism: The belief that women are inferior to men
Patriarchy: Male domination
Gender Inequality.
The Gender gap in Income
Sex Segregation: In the workplace, the concentration of women in a relatively few low-paying clerical and service jobs.
Comparable Worth: The idea that women's and men's jobs may be of roughly equal value and thus deserve the same pay, even though women's jobs typically pay less than men's jobs.
Glass Ceiling: The invisible barrier facing women as they try to advance in the workplace.
Glass Escalator: The smooth path afforded men in promotion in the work place especially in occupations primarily filled by women.
Sexual Harassment
Sexual Harassment: Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, or physical conduct of a sexual nature used as a condition of employment or promotion or that interferes with an individuals job performance and creates a intimidating or hostile environment.
Violence against women: Rape and Pornography
Benefits and Costs of Being Male
Male Privilege The advantages a male enjoys in a patriarchal society because he's a male.