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Control of Repro= DOG (Oestrus Cycle (When= every 6mnths or so, Proestrus=…

- - - - Need to ID proestrus= bloody vulval discharge, Vaginal Cytoloty
      - Methods
        
        Long acting Progestagen: E.g. proligestone EARLY in proestrus, next cycle 3-9mnths
        
        Oral progestagen: e.g. megasterol acetate, start in frst 3d of proestrus.
        Too EARLY= can return to oestrus
        Too LATE= can still have fertile oestrus
    - - Start in anoestrus (2mnths after last), 1-2wks before oestrus
      - Methods
        
        Long acting proligestone
        
        Oral megestrel acetate, low dose
        Too EARLY= effect wears off before oestrus affected
        Too LATE= enter proestrus, could then change to suppression dose
    - - Stimulate endometrium
      - Predispose to CEH (Cystic endometrial hyperplasia), pyometra
      - If using on breeding bitches/ for long periods
      - Proligestone= unreliable time period in return to oestrus
      - Side Effects= increases apetitie, decreases activity
  - - - Anabolic steroid, used in greyhound racing to prevent return to oestrus
      - Compounding pharmacists
      - Nitrotain paste (reg for horses)- anecdotal dose for greyh. bitch= 0.33g/d
  - - - What= down-regulation of GnRH receptors in AP= decrease LH and FSH
      - Males
        
        6/12mnths implant
        
        REVERSIBLE- after drug wears off
        
        Males= no stimulation of testes, no prod of sperm/ test.
      - Females
        
        Initial stimulatory effect can bring into Oestrus
        
        PREVENT= prog (e.g. initial 7d megestral acetate 2mg/kg)
        OR give: <4mnths old, <60d after ovulation, <7d after parturition
  - - - Zona Pellucida
      - GnRH (coupled to larger protein)
- - - - Prog required to maintain preg
      - Prog from CL for 2 mnths (preg/not)
      - PG- doesnt have role in bringing back into oestrus but is luteolytic at end of dioestrus
      - Prolactin= main luteotrophic support
    - - Oestrogens
        
        potentially fatal
      - PG
        
        luteolytic, after 25d,
        
        Uterine contractions
        
        not reg for small animals
      - Antiprolactin drugs (cabergoline)
        
        terminate luteal phase
      - Glucocorticoids
        
        PU/PD
      - Antiprog.
        
        Bind to prog receptor
        
        E.g. Mifepristone (RU 486), Aglepristone
        
        Effective in many sp.
      - Aglepristone (Alizin)
        
        Reg for dogs in Aust
        
        Binds to prog receptor (BETTER AFFINITY THAN PROG)
        
        Used up to 45d of preg
        
        1-22d post mating: 100% effective (resorption of embryo
        
        Very early Tx (still in oestrus)= could still get preg again
        
        23-45d= 95% effective (US confirmation, expulsion of foestuses)
        
        Can Tx Pyometra
        
        BEST DRUG CHOICE FOR MISALLIANCE
        
        Abortion 3-4d after Tx (up to 7d)
        
        early loss= onyl sign vulval discharge
        
        No increase in metritis post Tx
        
        Side Effects
        
        local swelling at injection site
        
        Parturition signs are bitch aborts
- - - - Pineal gland producing melatonin
        Hypothalamus producing GnRH
        AP producing FSH and LH
        Ovary producing follicles
        Producing oestrogens
        Positive feedback on Ap and hypothalamus to continue