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Han dynasty achievements (Warfare (They also invented the kite, and used…
Han dynasty achievements
Warfare
They also invented the kite, and used it for military purposes
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Historians estimate armies had 130,00 to 300,00 men
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One important weapon was the crossbow which is made out of two pieces of wood and in the shape of a cross
art
before paper, people used silk but it was very costly
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calligraphy- art of fine handwriting, important in Chinese culture, valued for natural flow
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many materials were used to make paper including silk fibers, hemp, bamboo, and seaweed
Agriculture
had to make their own clothing, build their own homes, and put up with floods and droughts destroying crops
inventions: chain pump- made it easier to carry water from low irrigation ditches and canals up to the fields, also invented the wheelbarrow much easier to push than carry on back
Farmers were expected to grow enough crops for their families, and to fill of stock granaries
ironwork was also helpful to famers, helped them make strong iron plows
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science
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magnetic compass- determines direction, such as north and south
invented the seismograph- instrument for detecting earthquakes, had a pendulum center surrounded by 8 sculpted animal heads which would vibrate if there was an earthquake, and cause one of the 8 heads to fall off
believed using directions for correctly positioning temples, graves, and homes would bring good fortune
astronomy discoveries- solar eclipse are when the moon blocks view of the sun, moon shines because it reflects light off the sun, recorded the appearance of comets
Government
One improvement was the way civil servants were hired. Young men were expected to take a very challenging civil service exam
They had to spend several days taking these exams, while they were watched by guards to prevent cheating
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Once cicil servants were hired, they could not serve in their own districts.Every 3 years they could be promoted or demoted.
The government during this time functioned as a bureaucracy, a large organization that operates using a fixed set of rules and conditions
medicine
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another technique: moxibustion- a moxa, a small cone of powdered leaves or sticks is placed near the skin and burned
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