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knee joint (clinical presentation of osteoarthritis (then doing the proper…
knee joint
clinical presentation of osteoarthritis
swelling and tenderness
osteophytes
crepitus
heat/ redness
pain
reduce in function
then doing the proper treatment
anatomy
muscles
anterior compartment
lateral (peroneal) compartment
posterior compartment (superficial and deep)
ligaments
lateral collateral ligament
medial collateral ligament
oblique popliteal ligament
bones
tibia
fibula
femur
patella
blood vessels
popliteal artery
its branches
knowing the anatomy allow us to do the examination
joint
knee joint
synovial
condyloid
physical examination
movement
active
flexion and extension
passive
flexion and extension
special tests
anterior posterior drawer test
collateral ligament stress test
apleys distraction test
apleys grinding test
mccmurray test
feel
checking the temperature
palpate the bony landmark
flex the patients knee
palpate the cartilages and ligament
look
inspect all the sides and check the gait
standing
observe knee position
lying
inspect symmetry and shape
inspect skin around the joint
notice any bone deformity
inspect for any muscle wasting
to detect any abnormalities like osteoarthritis
pharmacological management of osteoarthritis
glucocorticoids
DMARDs
NSAIDs
or surgery
psychological effects of disability
economic
spending money on medication
social
isolation
loss of occupation
psychological
drug / alcohol abuse to relive pain
loss of confidence
anxiety
depression
suicidal thoughts
risk factors and diagnosis of osteoarthritis
risk factors
increase age
female gender
joint alignment
hereditary gene defect
joint injury or overuse
obesity
diagnosis
physical examination
x-ray
medical history
and the clinical presentation
knee replacement surgery
partial knee replacement
total knee replacement
risks
damage to nearby nerves and arteries
persistent pain
infection
break in the bones around the knee replacement
in addition we need t treat the psychological problems in the patient
osteoarthritis
is the most common form of arthritis and the most common joint disease
it is a disease of the joints that affect all the weight bearing components of the joint
menisci
bone
articular cartilage
to prevent or treat it we need to know the causes and diagnosis