Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
The formation and function of molecules depend on chemical bonding between…
The formation and function of molecules depend on chemical bonding between atoms
Chemical Bonds
Interactions between atoms of either sharing or transferring valence electrons usually result in atoms staying close together, held by this attraction
Strongest kinds of chemical bonds are covalent and ionic
Covalent Bond
Is the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms
Consists of molecules having a definite size and number of atoms
In organisms, most of the strongest chemical bonds are covalent bonds which link atoms to form a cell's molecules
Molecule
Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
Single Bond
A pair of shared electrons
Double Bond
Sharing 2 pairs of valence electrons
Valence
Bonding capacity which equals the number of unpaired electrons required to complete the atom's outermost (valence) shell
Electronegativity
The attraction of a particular atom for the electrons of a covalent bond
More electronegative --> more strongly it pulls shared electrons toward itself
Nonpolar covalent Bond
When a covalent bond is between 2 atoms of the same element, the electrons are shared equally because the 2 atoms have the same electronegativity so the tug-of-war is at a standoff
Polar covalent Bond
Bonds vary in their polarity depending on the relative electronegativity of the two atoms
When an atom is bonded to a more electronegative atom, the electrons of the bond are not shared equally
Ions
The term ion also applies to entire molecules that are electrically charged
The two resulting oppositely charged atoms (or molecules)
Cation
Positively charged ion
Anion
Negatively charged ion