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Internet. Security and responsibility. Claudia García…
Internet. Security and responsibility.
Claudia García Oliva E2A
The Internet is a network of thousands of computers and devices around the world connected by copper wires, fibre optics, wireless connections and other methods.
Internet basics
A browser is a programme that displays the content of web pages.
A search engine is a computer system that indexes files stored on websites. Search engines keep their results up to date by continually crawling the Internet.
A server is a computer with special features, prepared to provide uninterrupted services simultaneously to lots of users.
The URL (uniform resource locator) is the address that identifies a website on the Internet.
The Internet of Things is a revolutionary concept that describes the connection of everyday objects to the Internet so that we can interact with them.
How the internet works
The next step in the information's journey are the DNS. It would be very difficult to remember the IP address of every website that we could connect with. DNS servers simplify this task for us
Our computer communicates with other computers following a common set of rules called a protocol.
The packets of information follow the TCP/IP protocol (transfer control protocol)
Servers use the HTTP protocol (hypertext transfer protocol) to send and receive documents over the Internet.
A router is a device that lets us connect to the Internet. Once connected, we open our browser and type the address of a page in it (URL). At this point, information starts to travel in the form of packets
1.Users can connect to the Internet if they have a contract with an Internet service provider (ISP) and pay a set fee.
Finally, the packets reach our computer and are reassembled. The page is then displayed in our browser
The DNS server sends the request to the server that hosts the web page we want to visit.
The Internet is a form of communication with many advantages but it also has its risks: it is a world of information that we have to deal with safely. A computer is not a harmless tool.
We can classify the risks of the Internet as:
Threats
To the individual
Loss privacy
Damage to our identity or image
Phishing. A type to obtain information about a user (bank details, pass words, etc.) in order to use it fraudulently. of computer fraud that uses trickery
Cyberbullying is a type of harassment that uses threats, blackmail, etc., between peers on the Internet, mobile phones or video games.
Identity theft
To computers
Spyware is software that tries to obtain data from
users
Black hackers are computer experts who attempt to bypass Internet security systems to make money from it.
Viruses and Trojans are programs that install themselves on a computer without the user's permission for the purpose of causing damage.
Solutions
To the individual
Our attitude, the best protection.
To computers
A firewall is a defence system that controls and filters the incoming and outgoing traffic of a network through our computer ports
White hacking. Activity carried out by people who help individuals and businesses to discover how secure their systems are against malicious hackers.
An antivirus is a program that can protect our computer from attacs and viruses and trojans if it is kept up on a date.
Cryptography. The encryption of information to protect files, communica tion and passwords.
Passwords. These can enhance the security of a file, folder or computer on a local network or the Internet. The security level of your computer user will be different to the security level of a Wi-Fi router, for example.
Digital responsibility
When we use Internet tools, we need to keep in mind our own safety and respect for others. The law is here to protect us. Examples include:
The Civil Protection of Honour Act
The Data Protection Act
Here are some simple guidelines to help you publish information safely.
Turn your webcam to a dead angle or put a sticker over it when you are not using it so that it cannot record images. Webcams can be operated remotely by malicious software.
Think before you publish photos or videos of yourself; if you decide to do it, only publish things that will not damage your current or future image and publish them in places with restricted access and with the permission of your parents. Remember not to post pictures of anybody without their consent
Do not talk to strangers. People are not always what they say they are.
On the Internet, do not ask for or give out data such as addresses, passwords, telephone numbers, the place where you study, places where you normally hang out or any other information that could identify you.
Talk to your parents about your Internet browsing; they can always help if you are unsure about anything. If you receive something unusual or unpleasant, talk to an adult about it or report it.
Inform yourself about sites. On some sites you cannot “unsubscribe so we must be careful about what we post on them; we can sometimes give away our data forever.
Make sure that you are of the minimum age required to enter a site. You will find this age in the terms of use of the site. You must read these terms before clicking on “I agree. If you do not read them, you may be allowing the site owners to use your data, pictures, etc
Keep upto date with technology and limit how long you spend on the internet.