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Types of Matter (Elements (An element is a substance made from only one…
Types of Matter
Elements
An element is a substance made from only one type of atom. To form a element we would need millions of atoms. Some characteristics are the element's symbol, atomic number, and atomic mass
Compound
A compound is a substance made from two or more elements that have reacted chemically with each other. The elements in the compound can NOT be separated by physical means.
Substance
A substance is simply matter with definite chemical composition and distinct properties.
Characteristics: A substance can be an element or a compound but NOT a mixture.
Separating Mixture
Mixtures come in many forms and phases. Most of them can be separated, and the kind of separation method depends on the kind of mixture.
Simple distillation
This method is best for separating a liquid from a solution. In a way, the concept is similar to evaporation, but in this case, the vapor is collected by condensation.
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Filtration
This is a more common method of separating an insoluble solid from a liquid. An example of such a mixture is sand and water.
Paper Chromatography
This method is often used in the food industry. It is used to identify chemicals (coloring agents) in foods or inks.
Mixtures
A mixture is formed of little bits of one or more substances mixed together.
Characteristics: A mixture can involve two or more substances of the same phase or different phases.
Fractional distillation
Similar to simple distillation, fractional distillation is best for separating a solution of two miscible liquids.
Magnetism
Magnetism is ideal for separating mixtures of two solids with one part having magnetic properties. Some metals like iron, nickel and cobalt have magnetic properties whiles gold, silver and aluminum do no
Separating funnelIn
this technique, two liquids that do not dissolve very well in each other (immiscible liquids) can be separated by taking advantage of their unequal density
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