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70 year old female with breathing difficulty. Other symptoms include fast,…

- - - - Symptoms include tachypnea and a wet, wheezy cough
        
        shallow breathing: perhaps due to the altitude change indicated she is not getting enough oxygen
        
        Wet cough: Means she has a production of phlegm which can be caused by the viral infection and also make it hard to breath as well as cause wheezing sounds
        
        Wheezing: airways are tightened, blocked, or inflamed, may be caused by an infection
- - - - Henery's Law
      - Daltons law
        
        partial pressure
        
        elevation
      - Boyd's Law
  - - - Aveloar Ducts
        
        Respiratory Bronchiole
        
        Terminal Bronchiole
        
        Conductng Zone
        
        Tertiary Bronchi
        
        Secondary Bronchi
        
        Main Primary Bronchi L/R
        
        2 more items...
      - Type 1 Alveolar Cells
      - Type 2 Alveolar Cells
      - Alveolar Macrophages
      - Alveolar Pores
      - Gas exchange
- - - - Henery' Law: When a liquid is exposed to a mixed gas, the partial pressure of each gas at equilibrium is the same in the liquid as in the gas
      - Dalton's Law: total pressure exerted by mixture of gases = sum of pressures exerted by each gas
        
        Partial Pressure: pressure exerted by each gas in mixture ( its percentage in the mixture)
        
        fall in atmospheric pressure at higher altitude decreases the partial pressure of inspired oxygen
      - Boyd's Law: inverse relationship between pressure and volume of gas.
    - - Respirations
        
        Respiratory system: supplies body with O2 for cellular respiration and dispose of CO2
        
        Pulmonary system: movement of air in and out of the lungs
        
        External respiration: exchange of O2 and CO2 between lungs and blood
        
        Circulatory system: Deleviers nutriens and O2 to body cells and transports metabolic waste to kidneys and lungs for elimination
        
        Transport O2 and CO2 in blood
        
        Internal respiration: exchange of O2 and CO2 between systemic blood vessels and tissues
      - Pulminary ventilation
        
        Inspiration: Inhale
        
        Expiration: Exhale
        
        Volumes
        
        Tidal Volume (TV): amount of air moves into and out of lung with each breath
        
        Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV): amount of air that can be forcibly expelled from lungs
        
        Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV): amount of air that can be inspired forcibly beyond the tidal volume
        
        Residual Volume (RV): ampunt of air that always remains in lungs to keep alveoli open
        
        Capacities
        
        Total lung capacity (TLC): sum of all lung volume (TV+IRV+ERV+RV)
        
        Inspiratory capacity (IC): sum of TV+IRV
        
        Functional residual capacity (FRC) sum of RV+ERV
        
        Vital Capacity (VC): sum of TV+IRV+ERV
      - Oxy transport: O2 carried in blood in 2 ways
        
        O2
        
        bound to Iron of hemoglobin in RBC,s most frequent about 98.5 percent
        
        Dissolved in plasma
        
        CO2
        
        Dissolved in plasma
        
        chemical bound to hemoglobin
        
        As bicarbonate ions in plasma !
  - - - Alveoli sacs: example would be a cluster of grapes
        
        Aveloar Ducts: muscle cells, connective tissue fibers, and outpocketing alveoli
        
        Respiratory Bronchiole: start of conducting zone
        
        Terminal Bronchiole: smaller than 0.5mm in diameter
        
        Tertiary Bronchi: continue dividing to smaller branches
        
        Secondary Bronchi: 3 on the right and 2 on the left (like the lobes)
        
        1 more item...
        
        Conductng Zone
        
        Passages smaller than 1 mm are bronchiole
      - Type 1 Alveolar Cells : single layer of squamous epithelium
      - Type 2 Alveolar Cells: cuboidal epithelium cells that secrete surfactant
        
        Surfactant: reduces the surface tension of the alveolar fluid, contributes to pulmonary elasticity, keeps alveoli from collapsing
      - Alveolar Macrophages: Keeps alveoli surfaces sterile
      - Alveolar Pores: connect adjacent alveoli , provide alternate route in case of a blockage
  - - - stabbing pain with each breath