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6.4 Sustainable agriculture (((Gravity flow: water usually come from an…
6.4 Sustainable agriculture
in flood irrigation most fields are flooded
The most inefficient systems rely on gravity to flow water towards the crops
Furrow irrigation: furrow directs water down channels
Flood irrigation: whole fields are flooded
spray irrigation: is slightly better but less inefficient
Gravity flow: water usually come from an aqueduct system or nearby river
Drip irrigation: above or below ground pipes or tubes deliver water to individual plant roots.
Center pivot: water usually pumped from underground and sprayed from mobile boom with sprinklers
Biological controls: Using natural predators
Ecological controls: polyculture provides habitat for the predators
Cultivational controls: alternate crops from year to year so population dies out.
builds soil organic matter instead of depleting it.
Uses less fossil fuel energy
Reduces Erosion
Reduces water pollution
Organic agriculture:Emphasizes prevention of soil erosion and the use of organic fertilizers such as animal manure and compost.
Industrialized Agriculture: Uses synthetic fertilizers and sewage sludge to supply plant nutrients.
Irrigation systems
Avoid synthetic pesticides
Organic agriculture