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Colon Cancer Pathophysiology (A Mix factors in a single patient (Earliest…
Colon Cancer Pathophysiology
Modifiable Factors:
Lack of exercise
High consumption of alcohol
Cigarette smoking
obesity
History of gastrectomy
History of inflammatory bowel disease
High-fat, high-protein, (with high intake of beef), low-fiber diet
Preventative Measure:
Regular screening/testing starting at age 20 if they have a familial predisposition
People with adenomatous polyposis (FAP) should start colonoscopy in their teens
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
genetic tests
stool tests could be done to help determine whether or not you have a polyp forming (this is not as accurate)
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Non-modifiable Factors:
Family history of colorectal cancer
a previous history of colorectal cancer
a genetic predisposition for colorectal cancer
Sex
increasing age
ulcerative colitis
Crohn's Diesease
Genital cancer (ex. endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer) or breast cancer (in women)
Etiology unknown
A Mix factors in a single patient
Earliest event is mutations on the APC (adenomtous polyposis gene) or some other gene mutation occurs on the cellular level leading to abnormal proliferation of cells
leading benign polyps to occur
IF NOT TREATED
Continuous proliferation of cells in the polyps
Exposure to carcinogens and bad diet
DEVELOPMENT OF MALIGNANT TUMOR
Confirmed via running diagnostic test
Uncontrolled proliferation of cells in the tumor
increase in size
1 more item...
Increase in size of the polyps
IF TREATED
SURGICAL TREATMENT: colonoscopy; virtual colonoscopy
likely reduction of growth
Tumors that occur in the descending sigmoid colon count for 70% of colon cancer cases
SSX: dark red blood mixed with stools with pus with possble clots; increased bowel frequency; increased abdominal pain, bloating, and flatulance
Cancer that occurs on the right side of the colon appears around 20 % of cases - present as asymptomatic; weight loss; iron deficiency
Right side colon cancer may grow into a palpable mass before anyone realizes, until signs and symptoms occur such as weight loss and anemia
SSX: weight loss and anemia