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Classic evidence: Myers and Diener (conclusions (values and goals (high…
Classic evidence: Myers and Diener
findings
age
170 000 PPNs, 16 countries
equally happy- 80% satisfaction
Herzog et al (1982)- different ages, different factors contribute
gender
equally happy- 80% in men and women
Haring et al (1984)- gender accounts for 1% global well-being
race/ culture
Inglehart et al (1990)- notable differences between countries, 10% Portugal, 40% neatherlands
individualist cultures report greater SWB than collectivist cultures
Traits of happy people
high self esteem- feel good about themselves
optimism- positivity
extraversion- social people tend to be happier
methodology & procedures
observations
beepers to report what there doing
sampling behaviour
self-report Qs
subjective well-being
closed questions- qualitative data
reviews
reviewing multiple studies- secondary research
known as meta- analysis
correlations
relationship between variables
High SWB- more positive about good events - more negative about bad events
conclusions
culture
some cultures see world as controllable place
some cultures emphasise on negative emotions- e.g anxiety, anger
adaptations
positive and negative events affects fade over times
longitudinal study- impact of life events only effect SWB for 3 months
values and goals
high sense of SWB have goals
need to have ambitions to be able to strive
factors like money only matter if related to goals
money, age, gender- don't affect happiness
religion, race, culture- do affect happiness
Evaluation
effectivness
ethics