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ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVES (Moral Theories (Ethics and morals both relate to…
ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVES
Moral Theories
- Ethics and morals both relate to "right" and "wrong" conduct
- Ethics (the series of rules provided to an individual by an external source)
- Morals (an individual's own principles regarding right and wrong)
- Morality (a code of conduct, that an individual, group pr society hold as authoritative, in distinguishing right from wrong)
- Standard of Judgement in Islam :
i. Our faith should be true and sincere
ii. We must be prepared to show it in deeds of charity to our
fellow-men
iii. We must be good citizens, supporting social
organizations
iv. Our own individual soul must be firm and unshaken in all
circumstances
- Basic Principles in Islamic Morality :
i. The Islamic moral system stems from its primary creed of belief in One God as the Creator and Sustainer of the Universe.
ii. Islam considers the numan race to be a part of God's creation, and as His subjects.
iii. Quran and Hadith the main sources of Islam, attached great importance to ethics.
iv. The Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. indicated that the main purpose Allah sent him to the people is to improve their ethics.
v. The love and continuous awareness of Allah and the Day of Judgement enables man to be moral in conduct and sincere in intentions, with devotion and dedication.
Social System Belief
- Belief : Needs reasons and Arise through experience
- Belief System : structures of norms that are interrelated and every human being has belief system to make sense of the world
- It is shaped by : religion, culture, experience, training, stereotypes, political viewpoints and etc
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c) Islam does not distinguish between two races, or two groups of people or between two colours
d) Eg : performing Umrah, friday prayers
- Institution of the Family :
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ii. In Islam, correct relationship between man and woman is marriage
- Relatives and Neighbors :
Quran has divided into 3 categories : a neighbour who is also a relation, a neighbour who is a stranger and a casual or temporary neighbour with whom one happens to live or travel for a certain time
Ethics in Islam
- Ethical values in Islam : Particular reference with Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. Mission.
- The good principles and values based on the Islamic sources (Quran and hadith).
- Consistent with the ability of human beings and they cover all aspects of life.
- Ethics is related to several Arabic terms:
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- Islamic Sources :
i. Quran (main course of judgement and speaks about general concepts)
ii. Sunnah (speaks about specific details)
iii. Prophet's action and behavior (the detailed practicality of what ethics is embodied)
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Akhlak Theories
- Definition Akhlak : - the practice of virtue, morality and manners in Islamic theology and philosophy. - character or customs - a nature character (internal) of human being and willing to express spontaneous action.
- Focus to goodness and badness, and will tell us how we can practice it in our life, either with Allah, human being, and environment.