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ecosystems ((Changes to the ecosystem caused by natural factors include:…

- - - - introducing more fish (fish stocking)
      - altering the drainage of the land which may influence the amount of water
      - changing the pH level of the water
      - altering the nutrient levels of the water if fertilisers are leached into the water resulting in eutrophication
  - - - Latitude is one of the most important factors in determining global climate patterns.
      - In the lower latitudes, such as the tropics, temperatures are the highest. This is because the sun's rays travel a shorter distance to the Equator and are therefore more concentrated.
      - However, in the higher latitudes, such as the polar regions of the world, temperatures are lowest. This is due to the sun's rays travelling a longer distance and being spread over a wider area of the Earth's surface. When these rays approach the Earth, they do so at a sloping angle, resulting in lower surface temperatures.
  - - - Differences in temperature lead to variations in air pressure around the world. Low-pressure areas are created when air rises. This is called low pressure because the weight of the air above the Earth's surface is lower than average. High-pressure areas are created when air sinks. This is called high pressure because the weight of the air is above average when it sinks to the Earth's surface.
      - Low-pressure areas are associated with cloud and precipitation (rainfall) because:
      - as the air rises it cools, condenses and forms clouds
      - the water droplets in the clouds increase in size
      - they eventually become too heavy to be held and fall as precipitation