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LINGUISTICS TEST 3 (MORPHOLOGY (IDENTIFYING MORPHEMES (Morpheme (Must 1.…

- - - - Must 1. Apply to multiple words and 2. give meaning to whole word
      - Stem vs. Root
      - Free vs. Bound
      - Affix vs. Bound Root
  - - - Lexically Conditioned Allomorphy
        
        Ablaut
        
        Total Suppletion
        
        Partial Suppletion
      - Phonologically Conditioned Allomorphy
  - - - NOUNS
        
        Regular Plural Morpheme -ES
        
        Plural Exceptions
        
        Zero Suffix
        
        Vowel Alternation
        
        -(R)EN
        
        Foreign Plurals
      - CASES
        
        Saxon Genitive 'S
      - VERBS
        
        -S (third person singular present)
        
        -ED (past tense, past participle)
        
        -ING (present participle, gerund
        
        Irregular
        
        Often past tense or past participle
        
        Often zero morphs or ablaut
      - ADJECTIVES
        
        -ER (comparative)
        
        -EST (superlative)
        
        MORE / MOST for longer adjectives
      - Creates different forms of the same word
      - Never changes word class of a stem
      - Always suffixes
      - Productive
      - Generally semantically transparent
    - - Many Affixational combinations
      - Non-Affixational ways
        
        Conversion
        
        Stress shift
        
        Change in consonant or vowel
      - Creates new words
      - Often changes word class
      - Combines with stem before inflectional
      - Prefix or suffix
      - Not very productive
      - May be semantically opaque