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Phonology (It's suffix -phon comes from the Greek phonema, which means…

- - - - The tongue has many positions to place itself for making a sound
        
        The front (opposite the hard palate)
        
        These are known together as the dorsum
        
        The blade (the tapering area facing the ridge of teeth)
        
        The centre (opposite the meeting point of hard and soft palate)
        
        The back (opposite the soft palate)
        
        The tip (the extreme end of the tongue)
    - - Voice coaches
        
        They help people to produce the speech sounds of
        hitherto unfamiliar varieties of English or other languages
      - Singing teachers
- - - - Graphemes
        
        A grapheme is the basic unit of a written language, which may represent a letter or a number
      - Phonemes
        
        A morpheme is the basic unit of sound, which may be a sound segment of words or syllables. They help us to construct a specific
        
        In this alphabet, there were not enough letters for every phoneme there is in English, so monks expected the reader to recognize the words
        
        Phonemes are identified by linguists with a comprehensive set of symbols, these symbols correspond to vowels, consonants, clicks and glottalic sounds.
        
        The International Phonetic Association's (IPA) symbol table is one of the most reliables
        
        It's English symbol sounds are organized in 4 categories: Consonants, Short vowels, Long vowels and Diphthongs.
        
        Diphthongs
        
        aɪ, as in spice or pie
        
        ɛɪ, as in wait or fate
        
        ɔɪ, as in toy or joy
        
        əʊ, as in oats or note
        
        aʊ, as in clown or vow
        
        ɔə, as in bored or poured
        
        ɪə, as in deer or pier
        
        ɛə, as in hair or bear
        
        ʊə, as in cure or fuel
        
        Consonants
        
        p, as in pip or pot
        
        b, as in bat or bug
        
        t, as in tell or table
        
        d, as in dog or dig
        
        k, as in cat or key
        
        g, as in get or gum
        
        f, as in fish or phone
        
        v, as in van or vat
        
        θ, as in thick, thump or faith
        
        ð, as in these, there or smooth
        
        s, as in sat or sit
        
        z, as in zebra or zap
        
        ʃ , as in ship
        
        ʒ, as in treasure or leisure
        
        h, as in hop or hut
        
        tʃ, as in chip
        
        dʒ, as in lodge or judge
        
        m, as in man or mummy
        
        n, as in man or pan
        
        ŋ, as in sing, wrong
        
        l, as in let or lips
        
        r, as in rub or ran
        
        w, as in wait or worm
        
        j, as in yet or yacht
        
        There are 12 Vowels sounds
        
        7 Short vowels
        
        7 more items...
        
        5 Long vowels
        
        5 more items...
        
        When these individual sounds are mixed syllables are created
        
        These lead to the creation of words which may be:
        
        2 more items...
      - Morphemes
        
        A morpheme is the fundamental unit of grammar
        
        It originates from the Greek word "Phonema", which means "A sound"