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Why do some nations have vast differences in terms of the development gap,…
Why do some nations have vast differences in terms of the development gap, and will the gap ever be fully filled?
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Although the development gap can never be destroyed as every country works differently and is given different resources, the development gap could still be reduced.
Many places will continue to have a bigger development gap when compared to other countries, especially because of their location.
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Water access could be improved, especially drinking water and sanitation systems.
Paragraph 1: Inequality in India, Saudi Arabia and South Korea and how it has affected development.
Saudi Arabia
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Restrictions
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They cannot marry or leave a marriage even in a domestic violence situation without the permission of a male guardian.
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They have to limit the amount of time that they interact with a male, and this prevents them from taking initiative and communicating in the workplace.
This offers less jobs for women and this makes Saudi Arabia an unsafe country in this aspect and does not fill the development gap because it is not particularly livable or liberating for women.
South Korea:
Women regularly are faced with personal questions such as their marital status when applying for a job, and these facts can possibly change the chance they have of receiving the job.
They are told what jobs are suitable for men and women, and can be rejected from an interview for a field such as the sales department, where it is thought that they are not appropriate jobs for women.
Although it is an offence to let these questions sway the final result on the job offer, many huge companies do it, and they are not fined a large sum of money.
KB Kookmin Bank was found guilty of discriminating against 112 female candidates but was only fined $4500.
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India
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Facts
Finding out the sex of your baby before birth is illegal because many conservative families decide to abort a female foetus simply because it is a female.
In India, workplace harassment cases increased by 54% between 2014-2017. This affects development because women feel unsafe to enter the workforce and this causes less people to be working for the economy.
In conservative families, after marriage, the husband can decide if his wife should work or not.
Women make enormous contributions to the advancement of the nation and the economy, whether in business as employees or entrepreneurs, and they should be continuously empowered to take up these roles. This will benefit the economy drastically and they should not be fearful of entering these situations. They have so much to offer and creative ideas to bring to the table that could increase development.
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The median wage that women make in India was 27% less than their male counterparts. This could not motivate them to keep working.
Over a lifetime, women earn much less than men, retire with much lower superannuation balances, are disproportionately dependent on the age pension and face greater levels of poverty in old age.
It's a breach of human rights, and women should be able to do the same jobs a man can, therefore development would also increase because more is being brought to the table and the economy will most definitely grow and be benefited.
Development refers to developing countries working their up way up the ladder of economic performance, living standards, sustainability and equality that differentiates them from so-called developed countries.
Paragraph 2: The disparity will be difficult to reduce because of factors such as ingrained effects of colonisation and cultural/gender norms.
There are permanent effects of British colonisation that have become normalised societal expectations as well as gender and cultural norms. The development gap between poorer and richer countries will possibly never be completely filled.
Females in many countries are unable to attend school due to gender norms and are instead expected and ordered to stay at home and take up domestic duties and household chores. This makes them seem desirable and unproblematic in society, therefore they are offered more marriage prospects. This causes there to be a lower literacy rate for females in comparison to males, and there are less females in the workforce which hold back development and undermines economic growth.
Older generations are so rooted into their beliefs about gender equality that it is nearly impossible to change their minds.
Although the disparities between men and women are decreasing in the medical field, gender inequalities still exist as social problems. From 1999 to 2008, recently qualified female doctors in the US made almost $170,000,000 less than their male counterparts.
Paragraph 3: Gender Equality has succeeded in reducing the gap in countries such as Australia and the USA because of different lifestyle choices.
Gender equality is good for the economy
Australia's GDP would increase by 11% if the gender employment gap was closed. The Australian economy would gain $8 billion if women transitioned from tertiary education into the workforce at the same rate as men.
Australia has made education between the ages of 5-15/17 mandatory therefore all genders are able to have an education.
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Countries with greater gender equality rates are much more connected and livable, and the people have better health and wellbeing.