Phonology

Accent

Phonemes (IPA)

Vowels

High/Low/Mid

Long/Short

Spread/Rounded

Consonants

Caused by controlling the flow of air by the use of articulations, may be voiced or not

Syllables

Anatomy and Physiology

Larynx and vocal folds set up vibrations

Cavities modify the sound

Articulators artiulate it

Passive and immobile

Activa and mobile

Pharynx

Soft palate

Jaw

Lower teeth

Lips

Tongue

Alveolar ridge

Hard palate

Upper teeth

Back

Centre

Front

Blade

Tip

Front/Central/Back

Variation of a phoneme = Allophone

Diphthongs (glide vowels)

Can be described by regions (which describes which articulators are involved and how) or by manner (which describes the airflow)

Phonemes combined to create effect of unity

Basic unit of sound

Phonemes combined to create effect of unity = Syllable

Collection of sounds not found anywhere else, shared by a group of poeple

Social Class

Geography