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Elderly male with stomach cancer and feeding tube, past cholecystectomy.…

- - - - Bolus passes through esophagus and into the stomach
  - - - Initiates chemical digestion of protein and fat
  - - - Lacteals absorb dietary fats
        
        Brush border enzymes embedded in the brush border complete chemical digestion; Goblet cells produce mucus that protects the intestinal lining
  - - - Comprises three regions
        
        Cecum
        
        First portion of the large intestine, appendix projects inferiorly from the cecum
        
        Colon
        
        Second region of the large intestine; sectioning into the ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon
        
        Final part of the digestive system; reabsorbs fluids and processes waste products in preparation for elimination/defecation
        
        Rectum
        
        stores fecal material prior to defecation
  - - - Produces bile that functions in the mechanical digestion of lipids
    - - Stores, concentrates, and releases bile
    - - Pancreatic juices contains digestive enzymes
    - - Parotid, submandibular, sublingual glands secrete saliva
        
        Saliva moistens ingested food, initiates the chemical breakdown of starch, and dissolves food molecules
    - - Participates in the mastication process, breaking down food into smaller pieces to facilitate swallowing
    - - Papillae on the surface that are involved in the sense of taste; vital to chewing and swallowing of food
- - - - Adequate dietary intake provides amino acids to synthesize new proteins to replace body protein structures
    - - Triglycerides and cholesterol
        
        Triglycerides (glycerol and fatty acids) are a primary nutrient supplying energy to cells
    - - Inorganic ions such as iron, calcium, sodium
        
        All minerals are essential; absorbed from the GI tract to be stored in varying degrees
    - - Sugars, starch, fibers
        
        Fiber stimulates peristalsis of the large intestine, which facilitates the movement of the GI tract contents and elimination as feces
    - - Required for normal metabolism; if intake lacking or absorption is impaired vitamin deficiency disease results