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Section D 15% (1) Measurment Concepts (Cost Classification (Other Costs…
Section D 15%
1) Measurment Concepts
Cost Management Terminology
Cost Classification
Cost behavior
& relevant range
Variable
Fixed
Mixed
Tracteability
Direct
Indirect
Nature of cost
Manufacturing
(Production / Inventoriable costs)
Non-manufacturing
(SG&A / Period costs / Non-inventoriable)
Purpose
Note
Prime costs DM + DL
Conversion costs DL + MOH
Note:
period costs may allocated to production for INTERNAL decision (for pricing)
Other Costs Classifications
(For decission making)
Relevant / Sunk Costs
Relevant
(1) future scenario (2) differs for multiple options
Sunk costs
incurred (historical) or Committed (past decisions)
Controllable / Non-controllale
(specified manager)
Value adding / non-value adding costs
(process analysis) (affect quantitiy, quality & responsiveness )
Transferred in costs
(between production departments)
Carrying costs / Stock out costs
Carrying costs : Storing or inventory costs includes implicity & explicit
Rework , Scrap & Waste
Rework (related to finished goods) & Scrap /Waste (related to Raw materials)
Normal / Abnormal spoliage
normal to pruduct (manufacotring) costs & Abdnormal to period costs
Joint & Separable costs (Oil, Petrol & Asphalt)
Engineered (direct) / Discretionary (budgeted - to achive - no strong input and output)
Avoidable / Committed (past decisions / un-avoidable)
Outlay (explicit cost) / Opportunity costs (implici costs)
(Note: Economic costs = implicit + implicity costs
Incremental / Differential Cost
Capacity Levels
Cost Measurment Systems
Standard / Normal / Actual Costings
2) Cost Accumulation Systems
3) Cost Allocation Systems
4) Supply Chain Management
5) Business Process Improvement