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Phlebotomy Ch.15: Lecture 1 (Urine (timed 24 hr: used to determine average…
Phlebotomy Ch.15: Lecture 1
Urine
random collection: collected at any time and used to screen for abnormalities in protein, glucose, and others
First morning: 8 hr specimen; collected right after pt awakens; used to screen for concentrated elements; deliver to lab within 1 hour of collection
timed 24 hr: used to determine average value of element
stat timed determined after bladder is emptied and flushed away
for next 24 hours all urines collected and preserved by refrigeration or chemical preservatives
at end of 24 hours the bladder is emptied and that is the last urine added to collection
refrigerate specimen if delivery to lab is delayed
done to detect low levels of certain proteins and hormones
protein and creatinine collected over 24 hours are quite often done in preg. women that may be developing toxemia during preg.
a 24 hr creatinine clearance is used to assess kidney function
Midstream Clean Catch
after special procedure the pt passes some urine into the toilet and then collects urine into sterile container
used to screen for UTI
always label specimen with pt name, date, time of collection
refrigerate or deliver to lab within one hour
Pediatric
for routine collections: use soft, clear, plastic bag with adhesive that fits over genitalia
not a sterile collection
pediatric collection bag is allowed used when fecal specimens collected from infants to prevent urine contam. of feces
Catheterized Collection
used when a UTI is suspected and obtaining a normal, clean-catch specimen is not possible
a catheter is inserted through urethra into bladder
collected by physician, nurse or med. assistant
Suprapubic Aspiration
is collected by a physician by inserting needle directly into the bladder
use specimen to culture for anaerobes organisms that grow in absence of air
also used for cytology exams in cases of suspected bladder cancer
Urine Drug Testing
random specimens are collected to screen for drugs of abuse in the workplace and on athletes to monitor for steroid use
a chem. cleaned container with a temp. strip used
pt put in a room alone with NO running water to prevent alteration
special handling instructions with chain of custody form to insure specimen integrity
Fecal
can be ordered to screen for intestinal infection due to parasites or bacteria
used to screen for colorectal cancer
can be chemical analyzed to screen for digestive abnormalities
Random: or bacterial cultures, ova and parasites, fats and fibers; specimens can be collected in special vials or in plastic or wax-lined containers
specimens can be left at room temp. or refrigerator as needed
Fecal Occult Blood
collected after 3 days on meat free diet
pt should avoid aspirin and vitamin C
specimen should be first collected in plastic or wax-lined container to avoid contam. from toilet water
after collection the special cards should be placed in a ziplock container for delivery to lab for testing
72 Hr Fecal Fat
a 72 hr fecal collection is done to screen for quantitative fat determination
individual specimen must be trans. to a large container and refrigerated and tightly sealed until delivery to lab
containers can be stored in garage in cool weather or in a throw away ice chest or in trash can be filled with ice
this test is pretty obsolete and rarely done