femur

  • is the longest & strongest
    bone of the body

shaft

upper end

lower end

side determination

  • upper end
    bears a round head
  • & is directed medially
  • Lower end
    is widely expanded
    to form 2 large condyles
  • the shaft is
    convex forwards

anatomical position

  • head is directed
    medially upwards
    & slightly forwards
  • shaft is directed
    obliquely downwards & medially
    -so that the lower surfaces of
    2 condyles of femur
    lie in the same
    horizontal plane
  • head
  • neck
  • greater trochanter
  • lesser trochanter
  • intertrochanteric line
  • intertrochanteric crest
  • fovea(pit)
  • quadrate tubercle
  • cylindrical
  • narrowest in the middle
  • is more expanded inferiorly
    than superiorly

1.piriformis

inserts into the apex

2.gluteus minimus

inserts into the rough
lateral part of anterior surface

3.obturator internus
&

  1. the 2 gemeli

inserts into theupper rough impression on medialsurface

5.the obturator externus

inserted into the
trochanteric fossa

  1. gluteus medius

inserted into the
ridge on the lateral surface

  • the trochanteric bursa
    of gluteus max lies behind
    the ridge

in middle 1/3rd
in posterior border

  • linea aspera

has distinct
medial & lateral lips

upper 1/3rd

2 lips of linear aspera
diverge

to form 4 borders
medial
lateral
spiral
lateral lip
of gluteal tuberosity

lower 1/3rd

gluteal tuberosity

broad roughened ridge
on lateral part of
posterior surtace

the 2 lips of linea aspera divide
as supracondylar lines
to enclose
the popliteal surface

has 4 borders


medial
lateral
medial supracondylar line
lateral supracondylar line

4 surfaces

anterior
medial
lateral
popliteal

3 borders

medial
lateral
posterior

3 surfaces

anterior
medial
lateral

convex forwards
is directed medially

widely expanded to form
2 large condyles
one medial
one lateral

anteriorly

the 2 condyles are
united & are in line
with the front of the shaft

posteriorly

they are seperated
by a deep gap- the
intercondylar fossa/notch


lateral condyle

  • is flat laterally & more in line with the shaft
  • so it takes greater part in transmission of
    body weight to tibia
  • is less prominent than the medial condyle,
    but is stouter & stronger
  • lateral epicondyle
  • the popliteal groove
    just below the epicondyle
  • a muscular impression ???

medial condyle

  • convex medially
  • the medial epicondyle
  • posterosuperior-the adductor tubercle
  • the epiphyseal line
    passes through it.

intercondylar fossa

  • attachment to
    the ligament of head of femur
    ligament teres/femoris
  • insertion of quadratus femoris
  • psoas major

apex & medial part of
anterior surface

  • iliacus

anterior surface of
base of trochanter
& area below it

smooth posterior surface

bursa that lies
deep to the upper horizontal fibers
of adductor magnus