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retroviruses (HIV(1-2) (Viral replication (Integration, transcription,…
retroviruses
HIV(1-2)
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Viral replication
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Binding(gp120, cd4, chemokine)
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Clinical Finidings
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Acute (early)
after 7-10 days, virus is controlled.
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Immunodeficency
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Prone to infections(Fungal(pneumonia, meningitis, oral thrush), bacterial, and viral) opportunistic.
Malignancies(Kaposi sarcoma, and some lymphomas)
debilitating weight loss, diarrhea, and neurological manifestations)
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Lab diagnosis
Antigen detection
p24 (Early, late = bad prognosis)
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CD4 Count
low, and less than one CD4/CD8 ratio)
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Treatment
Anti-retroviral drugs include: Co-receptor blockers, reverse transcriptase inhibitors,integrase inhibitors, Fusion inhibitors, and protease inhibitors)
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Prevention and control
Avoiding viral exposure through public awareness of modes of transmission and infection control in healthcare settings)
upon exposure, applying post exposure chemoprophylaxis within 2 hours for 28 days
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prevention of vertical transmission through screening of pregnant women for HIV esp. among high risk populations. Treatment of mothers, cesarean, treatment of neonates, no breast feading)
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