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ABIOTIC FACTOR : TIDAL EFFECTS AT ESTUARY (Introduction (Tidal affects are…
ABIOTIC FACTOR : TIDAL EFFECTS AT ESTUARY
Types of Tides
Diurnal
Definition
1 high tide 1 low tide
1 cycle last for 24 hours 50 minutes
Causes
Continental interference
Block westward passage of the tidal bulges as the Earth rotates.
The blockage provokes the flow of water across the globe.
Earth's spin and axis
The earths is tilted 28.5 degrees off of the moon’s orbit, thus the moon gravitational force and subsequent water bulges are not centered in the equator.
Location of Occurence
Gulf of Mexico
East coast of Kamchatka peninsula
Coast of Alaska
Semi - diurnal
Definition
Lasting about 24 hours and 50 minutes (2 cycles)
12 hours and 25 minutes (per cycle)
When the two highs and the two lows are about the same height, the pattern is called a semi-daily or semidiurnal tide.
Causes
The moon's gravitational force causes a bulge in the ocean’s surface on the side of the earth facing the current position of the moon.
Due to the law of inertia, a bulge also forms on the opposite side of the earth.
At the peaks of each of these bulges is high tide, at the troughs, low tide.
Location of Ocurrence
In Malaysia
North and West of the Peninsula spearheaded by the semidiurnal tides ( Kedah,Perak, Penang and Selangor).
South and East of the Peninsula have been spearheaded by mixed tides with dominant semidiurnal (Johor,Pahang,Kelantan, Terengganu).
Globally
Eastern margin of the Atlantic
North and South America.
Mixed
Definition
Two high and low tides differ in height in 24 hours- 50 minutes period.
High high tide, a high low tide followed by low high tide and a low low tide.
Causes
Combination semi and diurnal tides
Combination does not create even high tides or low tides.
There will be one high tide higher than the next high tide and one low tide that is lower than the following low tide.
Location of Occurence
West coast of united state of America, Mexico, Arabian sea, Carribean sea, Alaska and Hawaii.
Introduction
Tidal affects are one of the factors that shape the type of estuaries that exists nowadays.
Tide influencing frequency, time and duration of seawater influx and extent seawater influx.
Different in height of tide determines the type of estuaries that is microtidal and hypertida estuaries.
Tide-dominated estuaries are efficient in marine flushing due to large entrance and influence material loss from terestial to the ocean.
Types of tides
Maps of different Tidal Occurence