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Chemical Changes (Acids and Alkalis (Acids are a source of hydrogen ions…

- - - - pH and hydrogen ion concentration
        
        the higher the concentration of H+ ions in an acidic solution, the lower the pH
        
        the lower the concentration of H+ ions in an acidic solution, the higher the pH
        
        If the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution increases by a factor of 10, the pH of the solution decreases by 1.
- - - - Pure water can conduct electricity because a small proportion of its molecules dissociate into ions. The two ions formed in water are, hydrogen ions, H+, and hydroxide ions, OH-.
        **During the electrolysis of water**
        H+ ions are attracted to the cathode, gain electrons and form hydrogen gas
      - During the electrolysis of water:
      - H+ ions are attracted to the cathode, gain electrons and form hydrogen gas
      - OH- ions are attracted to the anode, lose electrons and form oxygen gas
      - The overall balanced equation for the process is:
      - 2H2O(l) → 2H2(g) + O2(g)