It has been around for centuries. The earliest and most obvious examples of data visualization projects are maps.
The pie chart which first showed up in the early 19th century.
Charles Joseph Minard used statistical graphs in order to map Napoleon Bonaparte’s Russian campaign of 1812, combining multiple metrics: the number of troops, temperature, distance, directions, and more.
The idea of visualizing data kept evolving over time, and with the advent of computers and rapid growth of technologies, the discipline definitely took a quantum leap forward.