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Indus Valley Civilization (Town Planning (Most Indus cities were planned…
Indus Valley Civilization
Town Planning
Most Indus cities were planned as a grid pattern. This showed how organised the cities were, showing how advanced they were for their time.
There were two parts to Indus cities, the Upper and Lower town. The Upper town consisted of the town hall and the granary, for these were the most important places in any Indus city. The Town Hall was a place where the citizens could take refuge in case a storm of flood takes place. The granary is where they stored excess crops that were grown in the farms. The Lower town consisted of buildings like housing and the bath house, as well as markets.
Most roads on the Indus Valley civilization ran on ninety degree angles, meaning, that whenever there was a turn or an intersection, the roads and side paths would turn on a perfect right angle.
Drainage
Our current drainage systems are derived from the original drainage systems of the Indus Valley Civilization. The Indus cities had exterior drainage, which was on a level below the houses. Each house had a small track which would lead to a common "sewer", which empties the water into the river.
Infrastructure
Houses were made from mud / clay / terracotta, with thatched straw for roofs. The houses in this civilization were very warm, since the clay / mud / terracotta kept the heat inside for a long time.
The town hall has also made from clay, but had more straw for the roofs, making it more stable.
The granary was made from bricks that kept the rooms both warm and cool, appropriately. The granary's roofs were well thatched, so that when storms and floods came by, the grains won't get wet.
Script
The Indus script has been found in nearly every city that has been excavated. Researchers and archaeologists have been trying to decipher its script for a long time, and can't seem to find out how to. This shows how complex the Indus script was.
Religion / Beliefs / Customs
The Indus people believed in and worshiped the forces of nature. They believed that if they appeased them, floods and natural disasters won't devastate the settlement that they live in
The Indus people also believed in god such as Pashupati (Lord Shiva) and Mother Goddess, believing that these worshiping them can also appease the forces of nature.
Dockyards
Dockyards were the place where traders landed and sold their products / ornaments and produce. These traders would come from both foreign and native cities.
Dockyards are where all of the cities' ships would be kept. These ships were important, since they were used for trade, conquest as well as transportation.
Agriculture
The people of the Indus Valley civilization mainly grew crops such as barley, wheat, flax, peas and lentils. These crops were grown in large quantity, and were stored for later in granaries (see Infrastructure).
The crops are grown using a method called basin irrigation. This is when water is equally spread out to every part of farmland during the flooding of a particular river. This helps the crops grow easily, since a large amount of water is being extracted from the river, and towards the crops. This is partly why so many crops are grown, and why so many crops are stored in the granaries.