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Juan Perón : By Alexandra Alanis and Najwa Aleem (Rise to Power…
Juan Perón : By Alexandra Alanis and Najwa Aleem
Rise to Power
Legitimacy
is Allies won 66% of the vote so he was now able to pass Reform laws in favor of Argentinean workers,
In 1952 he was Re-elected but presidency had only lasted until 1955.
Perrosn was elected in Fedburay 1946 by 52% of Argentianas.
When he won elections in the US contemporary observer he John Moor admitted he was the fairest man in Argentinean History.
His Legitimacy was never questioned.
He was exiled to Spain for 17 years and ran for president in his return of 1972 hen he was much older and won.
Grupo de Oficiales Unidos (GOU)
A group of officials who promted urgent social change in Argentina
BY 1943 GOU had established enough power to create a military regime
Vice President of Military Government
Stand up for Union workers by controlling leaders
During Strikes he Sided with union workers, forcing factory owners to give workers better job security and safety.
He became a populist and was willing to do all things for the people/ workers of Argentina.
Consolidation of Power
Ideology
He was not above being a demagogue and shrewd manipulator. Gave impassioned radio and balcony speeches and used argentine slang and united agriculture and urban workers to widen power base
Ultra-nationalistic statements articulated in his speech creating touching sensitive notes in the people and increased foreign investment. (USA and Britain)
Ideology meant o represent the common people, workers and imperative need for change towards social justice.
Appealed to middle class who approved nationalisum
post war instability derived from continuing tension over agrarian reform and mobilization of peasants and workers
Corporatism embodied Peron's ideology (organization of society into industrial and professional corporation for political representation and exercising control over people and activity with jurisdiction.)
Peron veto progressive development projects and workers' rights.
Populist leader who exercises authoritarian means to contain popular mobilization and increase profitability for the country.
Re- election after 17 year exile he had a third position between communism and capitalism reflection intensity of Cold War.
Use of Power
Social Policies
Evita sided with Descamisados to help set up foundations for the poor by building hospitals having housing projects, and receiving voluntary worker wages , lottery proceeds and private donations to support the project and Perron.
I 1952 workers received and enviable standard for living in Latin America.
Meant to Support the industry and make the lifestyle of the workers easier.
Demanded wages and labour conditions for workers, the right unionize and strike, and the duty of the state in brokering social justice
There was clothing and used appliances manufactured in Argentina as well as schools, hospitals and sports facilities in thanks to Evitas programming.
Followed the Cathloic Church Doctrine and issued a stem of indictment of brutal capitalisum in 1891
In 1947 Eva convinced Peron to give women the right to vote contributing to women's suffrage in Argentina. As a result 60 % of women f=voted for Peron in the next election.
A US Historian named Peter Winn calls the self confidant working class Perons most enduring legacy.
The elite and despised Peron because he ended up taking this power and losing their social standings.
Economic Polices
Between 1945 and 1948 manufacturing in Argentina increased by 50% and Industrial employment rose by 30%.
Argentina and undergone a change of agricultural to industrial economy between 1930's and 1960's.
Peron focused on the influence of industrialization and with high tariffs to protect their products and awarding themLucrative government contracts to Argentine industries.
Perosn first five year plan for economic independence from foreigner and social justice for lower class Agentines was widely acclaimed.
The good state of post was economy allowed Peron to fulfill his economic promises.
Fail from Power
Political Issues
The USA backed the Radical Party Candidate as more amenable to it;s business investments
Peron's government continued to improve the standard of living for workers but was not above using political propaganda to promote itself.
The landed oligarchy segments burgeoning power of the workers as a threat. Especially those in coutry side supported Peron.
Used the Argentina's independence from Spain to publicly sign Particularly symbolic cases of Foreign investment were the British and French owned railway systems
In the1946 election Peron ran against a canadate from the Radical aprt who supported the olichary allied with a part of middle class.
The British received 600 million and French 45 million fro their companies and Peron made sure these purchases by Argentine state were amply publicized.
There were cracks in the system Peron alienated socialist and communist hoe had lost workers support as union leaders.
Between 1946 and 1952 Person focused on improving states while promoting inside in his second term the would economic trends as well ad internal affairs would their their toll, culminating in Peron exile to Spain in 1955.
He was re-elected in 1972 but too elderly to succeed in exercising power and died in 1974.
Treatment of Opposition
Second World War treasury was running out of money and industry ad well as agricultural products decreased.
Large farmers and cattle ranchers increased disgruntled opposition to Perons gov
1952-1955 increase in opposition
The personality cult increasingly felt secure enough to repress opponents through secret police ho produced detainees and used torture to weaken Peron enemies
Peron did not tolerate opposition to his government, censored the press, controlled universities and stopped student demonstrations , weakened congress and controlled judiciary by appointing peronistas.
Workers began to demonstrate strike and wages were frozen
Industry required expensive foreign machinery and wages raised caused a decrease in treasury and a growth in Inflammation.
Eva death in 1952 quickly brought opposition to Catholic church and Peron too up anti- Church stance.
In 1955 when Navy revolted in opposition Peron realized he had gone too fare a d resigned and left to Spain in exile then came back 17 years later to be re-elected.