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Evolution (Speciation (species (a population of similar organisms that can…
Evolution
Microevolution
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Occurs over short periods of time, like from one generation to the next.
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Mechanisms
Mutation
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Random(beneficial, harmful, or neutral)
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Genetic Drift
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Unlike Natural selection, an advantageous trait is not necessarily being selected for.
Natural Selection
Occurs because their is variation, heredity, and the environment cannot sustain unlimited population growth.
Evidence for Evolution
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- Amino Acid sequences(even when DNA sequences are slightly different)
- Patterns in the fossil record
- Pattern of Anatomical similarites
- Pattern of Embryological Similarites
Intro to Evolution
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Population: group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and reproduce with one another.
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Homologous
characters in different organisms that are similar because they were inherited from a common ancestor that also had that character
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Analogous
have separate evolutionary organisms, but are superficially similar because they have both experienced natural selection that shaped them in a similar way
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Mutation
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can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful for the organism, but mutations do not try to supply what the organism needs
Migration/gene flow
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movement of individuals, and their genetic material, from one population to another
Genetic Drift
genetic drift affects the genetic makeup of the population but, unlike natural selection, through an entriely random process
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in each generation, some individuals leave behind a few more descendants than other individuals
Natural selection
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Whent he above 3 criteria are met, evolution by natural selection will is occurring
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Sexual selection
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sexual selection is often powerful enough to produce features that are harmful to individual's survival
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Speciation
species
a population of similar organisms that can interbreed to produce viable, fertile offspring
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microevolution
small scale, single population
macroevolution
grand scale, across species