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Immune & Inflammatory Response (Tissue destruction by biochemical…
Immune & Inflammatory Response
Inflammatory Biochemical Mediators
IL- 1
: T & B cell actication , Fever, Syntesis of CRP, increased vascular permeability
IL- 6
: T & B Cell activation, Fever, Increased vascular permeability, Synthesis of CRP,
Increased Immunoglobulin synthesis
IL- 8:
Attraction of PMNs to infection site
Leukotrienes
: Allows leukocytes to exit the blood vessels and move into the connective tissue
Prostaglandins
: Causes vasodilation, fever, and pain
PGE
important in bone destruction in periodontitis
TNF- alpha:
Increased vascular permeability , Fever, T & B cell activation, Synthesis of CRP,
Inflammation causes loss of appetite and increased heart rate, Chemotaxis
Chronic Inflammation
2, Macrophages: engulf & digest
Leukocytes
: inflammatory mediators (IL-1 & IL-6,
TNF- aplha,
Prostaglandins)
PMNs
Lymphocytes
MMP
s levels are greater than TIMPS which leads to extensive collagen destruction in periodontal tissues
Acute Inflammatory Response
PMNs (1st leukocytes)
PMNs release Cytokines (IL & TNF)
Liver produced CRP
Cells of the immune system
Leukocyte
Monocyte
: found in blood stream
Macrophage
: found in tissues, slower to arrive but are long lived cells that come in increased numbers in chronic inflammation, Present antigen to T-cell
PMNs
: (Aka Neutrophil) engulf and destroy, are rapid responders, & provide 1st line of defense, short lived cells
Lympbocyte
B- lymphocyte
: two types Plasma cell and memory cell.
Main function is to make antibodies.
Immunoglobulins : M A D G E
T- lymphocyte:
produce cytokines to effect the nearby cells
Tissue destruction by biochemical mediators in PERIODONTITIS
Cytokine IL-1
: Stimulates osteoclast (bone resorption), collagen, PDL, and alveolar bone breakdown
Cytokine IL-6
: Stimulate Bone resorption & inhibits bone formation
Cytokine IL-8
: Stimulates CT destruction and bone resorption
Cytokine TNF alpha:
Stimulate bone resorption & breakdown of collagen matrix, PDL, and alveolar bone
PGE 2
: MMP secretion & stimulates bone resporption
MMP Enzymes
: breakdown of collagen, PDL, & alveolar bone
RANK
: Receptor found in osteoclast, binds to ligand to create RANKL and becomes activated