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Mitral Stenosis (Clinical Presentation (Atrial fibrillation, Systemic…
Mitral Stenosis
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Epidemiology
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Most common cause is rheumatic heart disease secondary to rheumatic fever due to infection group A beta-haemolytic strep
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Diagnosis
ECG - atrial fibrillation, left atrial enlargement
Echocardiogram - GOLD STANDARD for diagnosis, assess mitral valve mobility, gradient and mitral valve area
CXR - left atrial enlargement, pulmonary oedema/congestion, occasionally calcified mitral valve
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Pathophysiology
Thickening and immobility of the valve leads to obstruction of blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle