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Lymphatic System (Humoral Immune Response AKA Antibody-mediated Immunity…
Lymphatic System
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Components of Defense
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3rd: Inflammation
Done by mast cells
- Cells are constantly searching for suspicious objects in body
- When things are found the release signal in form of histamine molecules
- This alerts body & blood is rushed to problem area which causes inflammation & brings WBC's
2nd: Mucous Lining
Sticky, viscous fluid traps any pathogens trying to pass
Types of Immunity
Innate
Phagocytes
- Either patrol body like neutrophil or can stay in 1 place till told
Dendritic cells
- Found in places that come in contact w/ outside (nose, lungs)
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Macrophages
- "Big Bad News"
- Engulf unwanted pathogens
-Collected in certain places
- Can consume about 100 pathogens before they die, but can also detect our own cells that have gone rogue(Cancer Cells) & kill them too
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Antigens
- Traces that pathogens leave behind
- Molecules found on surface of pathogens that can be detected by Adaptive for recognition
- Dendric cells pass this info. to T-cells
2 semi-independent parts:
- Lymphatic vessels
- Lymphatic tissue or organs
Function:
- Return clean fluids & leaked protein back to the blood
- Drain excess fluid from tissue
- Play essential role in body defenses& resistiance to diseases
Lymphatic Organs
Lymphocyte
2 TYPES:
T(Thymus)
Cause direct destruction of virus invaded cells & mutant cells
- Involved in cell-mediated immunity
B(Bone Marrow)
Secrete antibodies that indirectly lead to the destruction of foreign material
- involved in humoral or antibody-mediated immunity
Lymph node
- Encapsulated masses of lymphoid tissue that contain lymphocytes
- Located: in areas vulnerable to pathogen
- Monitor & filter lymph
- Macrophages(Large)
WBC's
- Engulf & destroy foreign substances
Structure of lymph node
- Kidney shaped; 1 inch long
- lymph flow through sinuses
- lymph goes to afferent lymphatic vessels & exits out efferent lymphatic vessels at hilus
- Fewer efferent that afferent vessels
Causes flow of lymph to be slowed for better filtration
Spleen
- Located: left side of abdomen next to stomach
- Filters blood
- Destroys worn out cells
- STORAGE OF BLOOD IN CASE OF EMERGENCY
Characteristics
- Lymph
Materials returned to blood
- Water
- Blood cells
- Proteins
Harmful materials destroyed or removed:
- Bacteria
- Viruses
- Cancer Cells
- Cell debris(Dead cells)
-1 way system to heart
-No pump
-Lymph moves to heart (by milking action of skeletal muscle surrounding vessels)