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Respiratory System (Major Functions: (Pulmonary Ventilation: air is…
Respiratory System
Major Functions:
Pulmonary Ventilation: air is inhaled through nasal and oral cavities, carried through pharynx, larynx, and trachea to lungs (Inhalation). Air is exhaled through same ways (exhalation)
Gas Exchange: External respiration happens when oxygen diffuses from the alveoli to the pulmonary capillaries, binding to RBC and is pumped through bloodstream.
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Carbon Dioxide is diffused from the capillaries into the alveoili, and is released through exhalation.
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Disorders:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): history of smoking, labored breathing, cough and infections, respiratory failure; insufficient oxygen in tissues
Emphysema: Chronic inflammation, barrel chest and lack of oxygen
Chronic Bronchitis: inflamed mucous, mucus impairs ventilation and gas exchange
Lung Cancer: 1/3 of cancer deaths in US, associated with smoking
Asthma: chronic inflamed bronchiole passages,coughing and wheezing
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Lower:
Organs: Trachea, Primary Bronchi, Lungs, Conducting Zone, Respiratory Tract
Trachea: connects laynx w/ bronchi, provides air flow
Primary Bronchi: division of trachea, right is wider, shorter and straighter due to pressure of heart on left side
Lungs: occupy most of cavity, apex near clavicle, base rest on diaphragm, each lung divided into lobes
Conducting Zone: passage for gas, primary bronchi, 2nd bronchi, terminal bronchiloi
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